<\/p>\n
Az\u0259rbaycanda teatr s\u0259n\u0259tinin k\u00f6kl\u0259ri xalq\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti, m\u0259i\u015f\u0259ti, \u015f\u0259nlik v\u0259 toy \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. “Novruz” m\u0259rasiminin m\u00fch\u00fcm epizodunu t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n “Kosa-kosa” oyunu \u0259sl teatr n\u00fcmun\u0259sidir. Burada ard\u0131c\u0131l s\u00fcjet, dramatik h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t, h\u0259m\u00e7inin x\u00fcsusi paltar geyin\u0259n, maska taxan aktyor var. El\u0259 professional Az\u0259rbaycan teatr\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fcnd\u0259 d\u0259 xalq teatr\u0131 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli rol oynayib.
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda professional teatr\u0131n tarixi 1873-c\u00fc ild\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r. H\u0259min il mart\u0131n 10-da Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n banisi H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi v\u0259 N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirovun t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc il\u0259 bir qrup h\u0259v\u0259skarlardan ibar\u0259t d\u0259st\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkir, milli dramaturgiyan\u0131n banisi Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li Axundovun “L\u0259nk\u0259ran xan\u0131n v\u0259ziri” v\u0259 “Hac\u0131 Qara” komediyalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0259hn\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131rlad\u0131lar. Bununla da Az\u0259rbaycan teatr\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcn\u00f6vr\u0259si qoyuldu.
\nG\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 d\u00fcnya dramaturgiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fah \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, Az\u0259rbaycan teatr\u0131n\u0131n repertuar\u0131 H\u00fcseyn Cavid, N\u0259riman N\u0259rimanov, \u018fbd\u00fclr\u0259him b\u0259y Haqverdiyev, C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259, N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirov, Mir C\u0259lal Pa\u015fayev, B\u0259xtiyar Vahabzad\u0259, N\u0259bi X\u0259zri, \u0130lyas \u018ff\u0259ndiyev kimi \u0259d\u0259bi n\u0259h\u0259ngl\u0259rin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdi.
\nHaz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycanda \u00f6z repertuar\u0131 il\u0259 se\u00e7il\u0259n 23 teatr var. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n tolerant bir \u00f6lk\u0259 olmas\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259nin m\u0259d\u0259ni h\u0259yat\u0131nda da \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00fcruz\u0259 verir v\u0259 haz\u0131rda l\u0259zgi, rus dill\u0259rind\u0259 teatrlar da f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n
Kino<\/strong><\/p>\n 2 avqust 1898-ci il. Az\u0259rbaycan kino salnam\u0259si bu tarixd\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r. \u0130lk kinoseansda tama\u015fa\u00e7\u0131lara ssenari m\u00fc\u0259llifi, rejissor, fotoqraf v\u0259 nasir Aleksandr Mi\u015fonun lent\u0259 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Bibiheyb\u0259td\u0259 neft fontan\u0131 yan\u011f\u0131n\u0131”, “Balaxan\u0131da neft fontan\u0131”, “\u015e\u0259h\u0259r ba\u011f\u0131nda xalq g\u0259zintisi”, “Qafqaz r\u0259qsi” xronika s\u00fcjetl\u0259ri v\u0259 “\u0130li\u015fdin” adl\u0131 b\u0259dii kinos\u00fcjet t\u0259qdim olunmu\u015fdu. \u0130nc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t<\/strong><\/p>\n Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 e.\u0259. VIII-V \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259n qalm\u0131\u015f Qobustan qaya\u00fcst\u00fc t\u0259svirl\u0259ri, K\u0259lb\u0259c\u0259r rayonunun Zalxa g\u00f6l\u00fc \u0259traf\u0131nda Ay\u0131\u00e7\u0131nq\u0131l\u0131 v\u0259 P\u0259ri\u00e7\u0131nq\u0131l da\u011flar\u0131ndak\u0131 Tunc d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131na (e.\u0259. 3-c\u00fc minillik) aid r\u0259sml\u0259r, Ordubad \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n \u015fimalda G\u0259miqaya da\u011flar\u0131ndak\u0131 qaya\u00fcst\u00fc r\u0259sml\u0259r t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259tin q\u0259dimliyind\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r verir. T\u0259kc\u0259 Qobustanda 4000-d\u0259n \u00e7ox petroqlif, y\u0259ni da\u015f \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 oyma texnikas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f qaya\u00fcst\u00fc r\u0259sml\u0259r a\u015fkarlan\u0131b. Xal\u00e7alar<\/strong><\/p>\n Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 2010 \u2013cu ilin noyabr\u0131ndan etibar\u0259n UNESCO-nun “Qeyri-maddi M\u0259d\u0259ni \u0130rs” siyah\u0131s\u0131nda qorunur. Az\u0259rbaycanda h\u0259l\u0259 q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 ip\u0259k, q\u0131z\u0131l, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f saplardan xal\u00e7alar toxunurdu. Arxeoloji materiallara \u0259sas\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycanda xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131qla h\u0259l\u0259 tunc d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259n (e.\u0259 II minillik) m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015flar. Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 Herodot, Klavdi Elian, Ksenofont, Musa Kalankatl\u0131 kimi d\u00fcnya tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri d\u0259 m\u0259lumat vermi\u015fl\u0259r. Musiqi<\/strong><\/p>\n Az\u0259rbaycanda musiqi haqq\u0131nda ilk m\u0259lumatlar arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar zaman\u0131 \u0259ld\u0259 edil\u0259n bir s\u0131ra abid\u0259l\u0259r, Qobustan (e.\u0259. XVIII-III minillikl\u0259r) v\u0259 G\u0259miqaya (e.\u0259. III-I minillikl\u0259r) qaya\u00fcst\u00fc r\u0259sml\u0259rind\u0259n al\u0131n\u0131b. A\u00e7\u0131q s\u0259ma alt\u0131nda muzey\u0259 \u00e7evril\u0259n Qobustan \u0259razisind\u0259 qeyri-adi “\u00e7al\u011f\u0131 al\u0259tl\u0259ri”\u2013g\u00fccl\u00fc s\u0259sl\u0259r ver\u0259n v\u0259 h\u0259r biri ayr\u0131 tembr\u0259 malik olan da\u015flar ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259n d\u0259y\u0259rli xatir\u0259 kimi bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 qorunur. Theater<\/strong><\/p>\n The roots of theatrical art in Azerbaijan are related to the activities of the people, their livelihoods, festivals and wedding traditions. The “Kosa-Kosa” game, which forms an important episode of the “Novruz” ceremony, is a true theatrical example. Here’s a sequel plot, dramatic action, and a mask-wearing actor. Folk theater played an important role in the creation of such a professional Azerbaijani theater. Film<\/strong><\/p>\n August 2, 1898 The Azerbaijani film chronicle dates back to this date. The first film was presented to the audience by screenwriter, director, photographer and illustrator Chronicle of “Oil Fountain in Bibiheybat”, “Oil Fountain in Balakhani”, “Walking in the City Gardens”, “Caucasus Dance” and “Ilyushdin”. . Art<\/strong><\/p>\n In the territory of Azerbaijan Gobustan rock paintings dating from the VIII-V centuries, paintings from the beginning of the Bronze Age (3rd millennium BC) on the Ayikingqili and Perichinkyl Mountains, near the Zalxa Lake of Kalbajar, to the Gamigima rock north of Ordubad. In Gobustan alone, more than 4,000 petroglyphs, that is, rock paintings based on stone carving techniques, were discovered. Carpets<\/strong><\/p>\n Azerbaijani carpets have been included in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List since November 2010. In ancient times, carpets from silk, gold, and silver threads were woven in Azerbaijan. According to archaeological materials, carpet weaving in Azerbaijan has been engaged in Bronze Age (II millennium BC). This has been reported by world historians such as Herodotus, Claudius Elian, Xenofont, and Moses Kalankatli. Music<\/strong><\/p>\n The earliest information about music in Azerbaijan was derived from archaeological excavations, rock figures from Gobustan (18th-3rd millennium BC) and Gamigaya (III-I millennium BC). In Gobustan, which has become a museum in the open air, unusual “musical instruments” – stones that give a powerful sound and each with a different timbre, are still preserved today as a valuable memory. T\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440<\/strong><\/p>\n \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0441 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043a \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0444\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0418\u0433\u0440\u0430 \u00ab\u041a\u043e\u0441\u0430-\u041a\u043e\u0441\u0430\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0446\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u00ab\u041d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0443\u0437\u00bb, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c. \u0412\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u044e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0435. \u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440 \u0441\u044b\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430. \u0414\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e<\/strong><\/p>\n 2 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1898 \u0433. \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0438\u043b\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c. \u0425\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u00ab\u041d\u0435\u0444\u0442\u044f\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u0411\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0445\u0435\u0439\u0431\u0430\u0442\u0435\u00bb, \u00ab\u041d\u0435\u0444\u0442\u044f\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445\u00bb, \u00ab\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0443\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043c\u00bb, \u00ab\u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0446\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u0418\u043b\u044c\u044e\u0448\u0434\u0438\u043d\u00bb. , \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/strong><\/p>\n \u041d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0413\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 VIII-V \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 (III \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u043d.\u044d.) \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0410\u0439\u044b\u043a\u043a\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0438\u043b, \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0441\u0430 \u0432 \u041a\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0440\u0435, \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0413\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u041e\u0440\u0434\u0443\u0431\u0430\u0434\u0430. \u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u0413\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 4000 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0432, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u044c\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043c\u043d\u044e. \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u044b<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f \u042e\u041d\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e \u0441 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0412 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u0448\u0435\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u0437\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435. \u0421\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0435 (II \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u044d\u0440\u044b). \u041e\u0431 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0442, \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0438\u0439 \u042d\u043b\u0438\u0430\u043d, \u041a\u0441\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0442 \u0438 \u041c\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043b\u0438. \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043a, \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u0413\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 (XVIII-III \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043d.\u044d.) \u0438 \u0413\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0433\u0430\u044f (III-I \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043d.\u044d.). \u0412 \u0413\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u00ab\u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b\u00bb – \u043a\u0430\u043c\u043d\u0438, \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. [:az]Az\u0259rbaycan musiqisini dinl\u0259y\u0259n, \u015fer v\u0259 q\u0259z\u0259ll\u0259rini oxuyan, Az\u0259rbaycan r\u0259ssamlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 tama\u015fa ed\u0259n, n\u0259qqa\u015fl\u0131q, misg\u0259rlik kimi s\u0259n\u0259tkarl\u0131q n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olan h\u0259r bir k\u0259s \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc sanki sehrli bir d\u00fcnyada hiss edir. Bu da t\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyil. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n q\u0259dim milli-m\u0259n\u0259vi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ri, t\u0259bi\u0259tinin f\u00fcsunkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sanki musiqiy\u0259, s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 hopub. Az\u0259rbaycan inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259ti t\u0259bi\u0259ti kimi r\u0259ngar\u0259ng, dol\u011fun v\u0259 z\u0259ngindir. Q\u0259dim milli-m\u0259n\u0259vi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ri, \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rini \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 ya\u015fadan Az\u0259rbaycan bu g\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sivilizasiyalar\u0131n qov\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kimi tan\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n Teatr<\/strong><\/p>\n Az\u0259rbaycanda teatr s\u0259n\u0259tinin k\u00f6kl\u0259ri xalq\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti, m\u0259i\u015f\u0259ti, \u015f\u0259nlik v\u0259 toy \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. “Novruz” m\u0259rasiminin m\u00fch\u00fcm epizodunu t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n “Kosa-kosa” oyunu \u0259sl teatr n\u00fcmun\u0259sidir. Burada ard\u0131c\u0131l s\u00fcjet, dramatik h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t, h\u0259m\u00e7inin x\u00fcsusi paltar geyin\u0259n, maska taxan aktyor var. El\u0259 professional Az\u0259rbaycan teatr\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fcnd\u0259 d\u0259 xalq teatr\u0131 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli rol oynayib. Kino<\/strong><\/p>\n 2 avqust 1898-ci il. Az\u0259rbaycan kino salnam\u0259si bu tarixd\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r. \u0130lk kinoseansda tama\u015fa\u00e7\u0131lara ssenari m\u00fc\u0259llifi, rejissor, fotoqraf v\u0259 nasir Aleksandr Mi\u015fonun lent\u0259 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Bibiheyb\u0259td\u0259 neft fontan\u0131 yan\u011f\u0131n\u0131”, “Balaxan\u0131da neft fontan\u0131”, “\u015e\u0259h\u0259r ba\u011f\u0131nda xalq g\u0259zintisi”, “Qafqaz r\u0259qsi” xronika s\u00fcjetl\u0259ri v\u0259 “\u0130li\u015fdin” adl\u0131 b\u0259dii kinos\u00fcjet t\u0259qdim olunmu\u015fdu. \u0130nc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t<\/strong><\/p>\n Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 e.\u0259. VIII-V \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259n qalm\u0131\u015f Qobustan qaya\u00fcst\u00fc t\u0259svirl\u0259ri, K\u0259lb\u0259c\u0259r rayonunun Zalxa g\u00f6l\u00fc \u0259traf\u0131nda Ay\u0131\u00e7\u0131nq\u0131l\u0131 v\u0259 P\u0259ri\u00e7\u0131nq\u0131l da\u011flar\u0131ndak\u0131 Tunc d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131na (e.\u0259. 3-c\u00fc minillik) aid r\u0259sml\u0259r, Ordubad \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n \u015fimalda G\u0259miqaya da\u011flar\u0131ndak\u0131 qaya\u00fcst\u00fc r\u0259sml\u0259r t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259tin q\u0259dimliyind\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r verir. T\u0259kc\u0259 Qobustanda 4000-d\u0259n \u00e7ox petroqlif, y\u0259ni da\u015f \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 oyma texnikas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f qaya\u00fcst\u00fc r\u0259sml\u0259r a\u015fkarlan\u0131b. Xal\u00e7alar<\/strong><\/p>\n Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 2010 \u2013cu ilin noyabr\u0131ndan etibar\u0259n UNESCO-nun “Qeyri-maddi M\u0259d\u0259ni \u0130rs” siyah\u0131s\u0131nda qorunur. Az\u0259rbaycanda h\u0259l\u0259 q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 ip\u0259k, q\u0131z\u0131l, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f saplardan xal\u00e7alar toxunurdu. Arxeoloji materiallara \u0259sas\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycanda xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131qla h\u0259l\u0259 tunc d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259n (e.\u0259 II minillik) m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015flar. Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 Herodot, Klavdi Elian, Ksenofont, Musa Kalankatl\u0131 kimi d\u00fcnya tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri d\u0259 m\u0259lumat vermi\u015fl\u0259r. Musiqi<\/strong><\/p>\n Az\u0259rbaycanda musiqi haqq\u0131nda ilk m\u0259lumatlar arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar zaman\u0131 \u0259ld\u0259 edil\u0259n bir s\u0131ra abid\u0259l\u0259r, Qobustan (e.\u0259. XVIII-III minillikl\u0259r) v\u0259 G\u0259miqaya (e.\u0259. III-I minillikl\u0259r) qaya\u00fcst\u00fc r\u0259sml\u0259rind\u0259n al\u0131n\u0131b. A\u00e7\u0131q s\u0259ma alt\u0131nda muzey\u0259 \u00e7evril\u0259n Qobustan \u0259razisind\u0259 qeyri-adi “\u00e7al\u011f\u0131 al\u0259tl\u0259ri”\u2013g\u00fccl\u00fc s\u0259sl\u0259r ver\u0259n v\u0259 h\u0259r biri ayr\u0131 tembr\u0259 malik olan da\u015flar ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259n d\u0259y\u0259rli xatir\u0259 kimi bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 qorunur. Theater<\/strong><\/p>\n The roots of theatrical art in Azerbaijan are related to the activities of the people, their livelihoods, festivals and wedding traditions. The “Kosa-Kosa” game, which forms an important episode of the “Novruz” ceremony, is a true theatrical example. Here’s a sequel plot, dramatic action, and a mask-wearing actor. Folk theater played an important role in the creation of such a professional Azerbaijani theater. Film<\/strong><\/p>\n August 2, 1898 The Azerbaijani film chronicle dates back to this date. The first film was presented to the audience by screenwriter, director, photographer and illustrator Chronicle of “Oil Fountain in Bibiheybat”, “Oil Fountain in Balakhani”, “Walking in the City Gardens”, “Caucasus Dance” and “Ilyushdin”. . Art<\/strong><\/p>\n In the territory of Azerbaijan Gobustan rock paintings dating from the VIII-V centuries, paintings from the beginning of the Bronze Age (3rd millennium BC) on the Ayikingqili and Perichinkyl Mountains, near the Zalxa Lake of Kalbajar, to the Gamigima rock north of Ordubad. In Gobustan alone, more than 4,000 petroglyphs, that is, rock paintings based on stone carving techniques, were discovered. Carpets<\/strong><\/p>\n Azerbaijani carpets have been included in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List since November 2010. In ancient times, carpets from silk, gold, and silver threads were woven in Azerbaijan. According to archaeological materials, carpet weaving in Azerbaijan has been engaged in Bronze Age (II millennium BC). This has been reported by world historians such as Herodotus, Claudius Elian, Xenofont, and Moses Kalankatli. Music<\/strong><\/p>\n The earliest information about music in Azerbaijan was derived from archaeological excavations, rock figures from Gobustan (18th-3rd millennium BC) and Gamigaya (III-I millennium BC). In Gobustan, which has become a museum in the open air, unusual “musical instruments” – stones that give a powerful sound and each with a different timbre, are still preserved today as a valuable memory. T\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440<\/strong><\/p>\n \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0441 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043a \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0444\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0418\u0433\u0440\u0430 \u00ab\u041a\u043e\u0441\u0430-\u041a\u043e\u0441\u0430\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044d\u043f\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0446\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u00ab\u041d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0443\u0437\u00bb, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c. \u0412\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u044e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0435. \u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440 \u0441\u044b\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430. \u0414\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e<\/strong><\/p>\n 2 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1898 \u0433. \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0438\u043b\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c. \u0425\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u00ab\u041d\u0435\u0444\u0442\u044f\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u0411\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0445\u0435\u0439\u0431\u0430\u0442\u0435\u00bb, \u00ab\u041d\u0435\u0444\u0442\u044f\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u0411\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445\u00bb, \u00ab\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0443\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043c\u00bb, \u00ab\u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0446\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u0418\u043b\u044c\u044e\u0448\u0434\u0438\u043d\u00bb. , \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/strong><\/p>\n \u041d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0413\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 VIII-V \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 (III \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u043d.\u044d.) \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0410\u0439\u044b\u043a\u043a\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0438\u043b, \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0441\u0430 \u0432 \u041a\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0440\u0435, \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0413\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u041e\u0440\u0434\u0443\u0431\u0430\u0434\u0430. \u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u0413\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 4000 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0432, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u044c\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043c\u043d\u044e. \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u044b<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f \u042e\u041d\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e \u0441 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0412 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u0448\u0435\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u0437\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435. \u0421\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0435 (II \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u044d\u0440\u044b). \u041e\u0431 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0442, \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0438\u0439 \u042d\u043b\u0438\u0430\u043d, \u041a\u0441\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0442 \u0438 \u041c\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043b\u0438. \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043a, \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u0413\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 (XVIII-III \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043d.\u044d.) \u0438 \u0413\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0433\u0430\u044f (III-I \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043d.\u044d.). \u0412 \u0413\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u00ab\u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b\u00bb – \u043a\u0430\u043c\u043d\u0438, \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. [:az]Az\u0259rbaycan musiqisini dinl\u0259y\u0259n, \u015fer v\u0259 q\u0259z\u0259ll\u0259rini oxuyan, Az\u0259rbaycan r\u0259ssamlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 tama\u015fa ed\u0259n, n\u0259qqa\u015fl\u0131q, misg\u0259rlik kimi s\u0259n\u0259tkarl\u0131q n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olan h\u0259r bir k\u0259s \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc sanki sehrli bir d\u00fcnyada hiss edir. Bu da t\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyil. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n q\u0259dim milli-m\u0259n\u0259vi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ri, t\u0259bi\u0259tinin f\u00fcsunkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sanki musiqiy\u0259, s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 hopub. Az\u0259rbaycan inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259ti t\u0259bi\u0259ti kimi r\u0259ngar\u0259ng, dol\u011fun v\u0259 z\u0259ngindir. Q\u0259dim milli-m\u0259n\u0259vi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ri, \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rini \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 ya\u015fadan Az\u0259rbaycan bu g\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sivilizasiyalar\u0131n qov\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kimi tan\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n Teatr<\/strong><\/p>\n Az\u0259rbaycanda teatr s\u0259n\u0259tinin k\u00f6kl\u0259ri xalq\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti, m\u0259i\u015f\u0259ti, \u015f\u0259nlik v\u0259 toy \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. “Novruz” m\u0259rasiminin m\u00fch\u00fcm epizodunu t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n “Kosa-kosa” oyunu \u0259sl teatr n\u00fcmun\u0259sidir. Burada ard\u0131c\u0131l s\u00fcjet, dramatik h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t, h\u0259m\u00e7inin x\u00fcsusi paltar geyin\u0259n, maska taxan aktyor var. El\u0259 professional Az\u0259rbaycan teatr\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fcnd\u0259 d\u0259 xalq teatr\u0131 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli rol oynayib. Kino<\/strong><\/p>\n 2 avqust 1898-ci il. Az\u0259rbaycan kino salnam\u0259si bu tarixd\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r. \u0130lk kinoseansda tama\u015fa\u00e7\u0131lara ssenari m\u00fc\u0259llifi, rejissor, fotoqraf v\u0259 nasir Aleksandr Mi\u015fonun lent\u0259 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Bibiheyb\u0259td\u0259 neft fontan\u0131 yan\u011f\u0131n\u0131”, “Balaxan\u0131da neft fontan\u0131”, “\u015e\u0259h\u0259r ba\u011f\u0131nda xalq g\u0259zintisi”, “Qafqaz r\u0259qsi” xronika s\u00fcjetl\u0259ri v\u0259 “\u0130li\u015fdin” adl\u0131 b\u0259dii kinos\u00fcjet t\u0259qdim olunmu\u015fdu. \u0130nc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t<\/strong><\/p>\n Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 e.\u0259. VIII-V \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259n qalm\u0131\u015f Qobustan qaya\u00fcst\u00fc t\u0259svirl\u0259ri, K\u0259lb\u0259c\u0259r rayonunun Zalxa g\u00f6l\u00fc \u0259traf\u0131nda Ay\u0131\u00e7\u0131nq\u0131l\u0131 v\u0259 P\u0259ri\u00e7\u0131nq\u0131l da\u011flar\u0131ndak\u0131 Tunc d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131na (e.\u0259. 3-c\u00fc minillik) aid r\u0259sml\u0259r, Ordubad \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n \u015fimalda G\u0259miqaya da\u011flar\u0131ndak\u0131 qaya\u00fcst\u00fc r\u0259sml\u0259r t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259tin q\u0259dimliyind\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r verir. T\u0259kc\u0259 Qobustanda 4000-d\u0259n \u00e7ox petroqlif, y\u0259ni da\u015f \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 oyma texnikas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f qaya\u00fcst\u00fc r\u0259sml\u0259r a\u015fkarlan\u0131b. Xal\u00e7alar<\/strong><\/p>\n Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 2010 \u2013cu ilin noyabr\u0131ndan etibar\u0259n UNESCO-nun “Qeyri-maddi M\u0259d\u0259ni \u0130rs” siyah\u0131s\u0131nda qorunur. Az\u0259rbaycanda h\u0259l\u0259 q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 ip\u0259k, q\u0131z\u0131l, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f saplardan xal\u00e7alar toxunurdu. Arxeoloji materiallara \u0259sas\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycanda xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131qla h\u0259l\u0259 tunc d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259n (e.\u0259 II minillik) m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015flar. Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 Herodot, Klavdi Elian, Ksenofont, Musa Kalankatl\u0131 kimi d\u00fcnya tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri d\u0259 m\u0259lumat vermi\u015fl\u0259r. Musiqi<\/strong><\/p>\n Az\u0259rbaycanda musiqi haqq\u0131nda ilk m\u0259lumatlar arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar zaman\u0131 \u0259ld\u0259 edil\u0259n bir s\u0131ra abid\u0259l\u0259r, Qobustan (e.\u0259. XVIII-III minillikl\u0259r) v\u0259 G\u0259miqaya (e.\u0259. III-I minillikl\u0259r) qaya\u00fcst\u00fc r\u0259sml\u0259rind\u0259n al\u0131n\u0131b. A\u00e7\u0131q s\u0259ma alt\u0131nda muzey\u0259 \u00e7evril\u0259n Qobustan \u0259razisind\u0259 qeyri-adi “\u00e7al\u011f\u0131 al\u0259tl\u0259ri”\u2013g\u00fccl\u00fc s\u0259sl\u0259r ver\u0259n v\u0259 h\u0259r biri ayr\u0131 tembr\u0259 malik olan da\u015flar ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259n d\u0259y\u0259rli xatir\u0259 kimi bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 qorunur. Az\u0259rbaycan musiqisini dinl\u0259y\u0259n, \u015fer v\u0259 q\u0259z\u0259ll\u0259rini oxuyan, Az\u0259rbaycan r\u0259ssamlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 tama\u015fa ed\u0259n, n\u0259qqa\u015fl\u0131q, misg\u0259rlik kimi s\u0259n\u0259tkarl\u0131q n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olan h\u0259r bir k\u0259s \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc sanki sehrli bir d\u00fcnyada hiss edir. Bu da t\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyil. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n q\u0259dim milli-m\u0259n\u0259vi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ri,…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3008,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"footnotes":"","_tec_slr_enabled":"","_tec_slr_layout":""},"class_list":["post-4289","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"campaignId":"","ticketed":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xilasinyolu.online\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4289","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xilasinyolu.online\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xilasinyolu.online\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xilasinyolu.online\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xilasinyolu.online\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4289"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/xilasinyolu.online\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4289\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4291,"href":"https:\/\/xilasinyolu.online\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4289\/revisions\/4291"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xilasinyolu.online\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3008"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xilasinyolu.online\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4289"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}<\/p>\n
\n1916-c\u0131 ild\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 \u0130brahim b\u0259y Musab\u0259yovun \u0259s\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda rejissorlar Boris Svetlov v\u0259 Qriqori Lemberq “Neft v\u0259 milyonlar s\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259” adl\u0131 ilk tammetrajl\u0131 b\u0259dii filmi lent\u0259 alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Bu c\u00fctl\u00fck \u00f6z yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q tandemini h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 ekranlara \u00e7\u0131xaran “Arvad” v\u0259 “Yeni t\u0259rzd\u0259 k\u00f6hn\u0259 \u0259hvalat” ilk tammetrajl\u0131 b\u0259dii filml\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259 davam etdirmi\u015fdil\u0259r.
\n“Neft v\u0259 milyonlar s\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259” filminin d\u0259y\u0259rini art\u0131ran x\u00fcsusi bir c\u0259h\u0259ti qeyd etm\u0259k yerin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rdi. \u00c7\u00fcnki bu filmd\u0259 h\u0259min d\u00f6vr\u00fcn m\u0259\u015fhur teatr n\u0259h\u0259ngl\u0259ri H\u00fcseyn \u018fr\u0259blinski, Mirmahnud Kaz\u0131movski, g\u00f6rk\u0259mli xan\u0259nd\u0259 Cabbar Qarya\u011fd\u0131o\u011flu v\u0259 tarz\u0259n Qurban Pirimov \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015fdi.
\n\u00dc.Hac\u0131b\u0259ylinin “Ar\u015f\u0131n mal alan” operettas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda eyniadl\u0131 ilk kinokomediya da el\u0259 bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 meydana g\u0259lib. Az\u0259rbaycan kinosunun s\u0259ssiz m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 bu \u0259s\u0259ri ekranla\u015fd\u0131rmaq c\u0259hdi u\u011fursuzluqla n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ndi. Lakin \u0259s\u0259rin 1945 v\u0259 1965-ci ild\u0259 ekranlara \u00e7\u0131xan s\u0259sli versiyalar\u0131 ke\u00e7mi\u015f Sovet m\u0259kan\u0131nda \u0259n \u00e7ox kassa g\u0259liri \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259n film olub. 1945-ci ild\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n “Ar\u015f\u0131n mal alan” filmi Sovet ekran\u0131nda uzun ill\u0259r n\u00fcmayi\u015f olunan xarici \u00f6lk\u0259 filml\u0259rinin aras\u0131ndan “100 sevimli film” s\u0131ras\u0131nda “Q\u0131z\u0131l siyah\u0131”ya daxil edilib.
\n1925-ci ild\u0259 ilk Az\u0259rbaycan detektiv filmi olan “\u018fv\u0259z-\u0259v\u0259z\u0259” (rejissor Aleksandr Litvinov) ekrana g\u0259lir. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ilk milli kinorejissoru kimi is\u0259 Abbas Mirz\u0259 \u015e\u0259rifzad\u0259 “Bismillah” filmin\u0259 qurulu\u015f verib.
\nD\u00fcnyada s\u0259sli filml\u0259rin \u00e7\u0259kili\u015fl\u0259rinin geni\u015f v\u00fcs\u0259t ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan kinosu da s\u00fckutdan xilas oldu. 1936-c\u0131 ild\u0259 ilk s\u0259sli “Mavi d\u0259niz sahilind\u0259” filmi (filmin rejissoru Boris Barnet, operatoru Mixail Kirillov) ekranlara \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131.
\n1956-c\u0131 ild\u0259 kinosev\u0259rl\u0259r ilk d\u0259f\u0259 “O olmas\u0131n, bu olsun” filmini r\u0259ngli kadrlarda izl\u0259dil\u0259r. Filmi Az\u0259rbaycan pe\u015f\u0259kar musiqi s\u0259n\u0259tinin v\u0259 milli operan\u0131n banisi \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259ylinin eyniadl\u0131 komediyas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda rejissor H\u00fcseyn Seyidzad\u0259, operator \u018flis\u0259ttar Ataki\u015fiyev lent\u0259 alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nT\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259tin q\u0259dim n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda dulus\u00e7uluq, da\u015f v\u0259 metal m\u0259mulatlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259z\u0259y\u0259n dekorativ nax\u0131\u015flar, r\u0259sml\u0259r, qabartmalar (relyef t\u0259svirl\u0259r), heyk\u0259ll\u0259r \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Bu s\u0131rada Nax\u00e7\u0131van, Xocav\u0259nd, G\u0259d\u0259b\u0259y, \u00dcrmiya g\u00f6l\u00fc, Qaraba\u011f \u0259razisind\u0259n tap\u0131lan k\u00fcr\u0259 formal\u0131 qab, ikiba\u015fl\u0131 maral fiquru, \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 5 fantastik heyvan t\u0259sviri c\u0131z\u0131lm\u0131\u015f tunc qab, aypara \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 q\u0131z\u0131l yaxal\u0131q, q\u0131z\u0131l cam, keramik qablar \u00f6z z\u0259rifliyi, b\u0259dii kamilliyi il\u0259 g\u00f6z ox\u015fay\u0131r.
\nMing\u0259\u00e7evird\u0259n, \u015eamax\u0131dan tap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dekorativ qablar, piyal\u0259l\u0259r, qad\u0131n b\u0259z\u0259k \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycanda q\u0259dim vaxtlardan \u015f\u00fc\u015f\u0259 istehsal\u0131n\u0131n m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funu s\u00fcbuta yetirir. H\u0259kkakl\u0131q v\u0259 heyk\u0259lt\u0259ra\u015fl\u0131q n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri Albaniya d\u00f6vr\u00fc s\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259 geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6vr\u00fcn \u0259n kamil heyk\u0259ltara\u015fl\u0131q n\u00fcmun\u0259si Ming\u0259\u00e7evir m\u0259b\u0259dinin (5-6 \u0259srl\u0259r) da\u015f kapitelinin s\u0259thind\u0259 m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s dirilik a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n sol v\u0259 sa\u011f\u0131nda \u00fcz-\u00fcz\u0259 dayanm\u0131\u015f iki tovuz qu\u015funun qabartma t\u0259sviridir.
\n\u015e\u0259ki, \u015eu\u015fa, Quba, Ordubad, Lah\u0131cda, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 dig\u0259r \u015f\u0259h\u0259r v\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259sk\u0259nl\u0259rind\u0259 saxlan\u0131lan monumental divar r\u0259sml\u0259ri xalq yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 s\u0131x ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u015e\u0259ki Xan Saray\u0131, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 bir \u00e7ox b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 divar r\u0259sml\u0259ri h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131b yaradan s\u0259n\u0259tkarlar\u0131n ustal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan x\u0259b\u0259r verir.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan q\u0259dim zamanlardan b\u0259ri t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, xalq s\u0259n\u0259tinin bir qolu olan memarl\u0131q \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 d\u0259 z\u0259ngindir. Bak\u0131dak\u0131 Q\u0131z Qalas\u0131 v\u0259 \u015eirvan\u015fahlar Saray\u0131 Kompleksi, memar \u018fc\u0259minin Nax\u00e7\u0131vanda yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00f6min\u0259 xat\u0131n v\u0259 Yusif ibn K\u00fcseyir t\u00fcrb\u0259l\u0259ri, \u015eu\u015fadak\u0131 P\u0259nah\u0259li xan\u0131n saray\u0131, Nat\u0259van\u0131n evi, \u015e\u0259ki xanlar\u0131 saray\u0131n\u0131n divar\u0131ndak\u0131 r\u0259sml\u0259r v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259ri memarl\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259tinin nadir incil\u0259ridir.
\nBu g\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan r\u0259ssamlar\u0131n\u0131n, heyk\u0259lt\u0259ra\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri d\u00fcnyada tan\u0131n\u0131r v\u0259 s\u0259rgil\u0259nir. \u018fzim \u018fzimzad\u0259, S\u0259ttar B\u0259hlulzad\u0259, Maral R\u0259hmanzad\u0259, Tahir Salahov, To\u011frul N\u0259rimanb\u0259yov, \u00d6m\u0259r Eldarov v\u0259 dig\u0259r tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f r\u0259ssam v\u0259 heyk\u0259lt\u0259ra\u015flar yaratd\u0131qlar\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan s\u0259n\u0259tini z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdirirl\u0259r. Yeri g\u0259lmi\u015fk\u0259n, UNESCO-nun 2009-cu ili S\u0259ttar B\u0259hlulzad\u0259 ili elan etm\u0259si beyn\u0259lxalq al\u0259md\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259tinin t\u0259qdir olunmas\u0131 kimi q\u0259bul edilir.
\nM\u00fcasir boyakarl\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259 m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259 janr\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, r\u0259ssam, qrafik S\u0259ttar B\u0259hlulzad\u0259nin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri Parisin, Neapolun, Vyanan\u0131n, Havanan\u0131n, Berlinin, D\u0259m\u0259\u015fqin, Beyrutun, Ba\u011fdad\u0131n s\u0259rgi salonlar\u0131nda n\u00fcmayi\u015f olunub.
\n\u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, bu g\u00fcn Londonun Viktoriya v\u0259 Albert, Parisin Luvr, Va\u015finqtonun Metropoliten, Vyanan\u0131n, Roman\u0131n, Berlinin, \u0130stanbulun, Tehran\u0131n, Qahir\u0259nin z\u0259ngin muzey kolleksiyalar\u0131na baxark\u0259n orada T\u0259briz, Nax\u00e7\u0131van, G\u0259nc\u0259, Qazax, Quba, Bak\u0131, \u015e\u0259ki, \u015eamax\u0131 v\u0259 Qaraba\u011f ustalar\u0131n\u0131n bacar\u0131ql\u0131 \u0259ll\u0259ri il\u0259 yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u0259n\u0259t n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rini g\u00f6rm\u0259k olar.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nAz\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 xovlu v\u0259 xovsuz olur. Xovsuz xal\u00e7alar \u00f6z toxunma \u00fcsuluna, kompozisiya qurulu\u015funa, ornament z\u0259nginliyin\u0259 v\u0259 r\u0259ng koloritin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259n\u0259n 8 n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr: Palaz, Cecim, Lad\u0131, Kilim, \u015e\u0259dd\u0259, V\u0259rni, Zili, Sumax.
\nXal\u00e7a s\u0259n\u0259ti co\u011frafi m\u00f6vqeyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u015f\u0259rti olaraq 7 m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259 (Quba, Ab\u015feron, \u015eirvan, G\u0259nc\u0259, Qazax, Qaraba\u011f, T\u0259briz) ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n h\u0259r biri co\u011frafi m\u00f6vqeyin\u0259, nax\u0131\u015f, kompozisiya, r\u0259ng h\u0259lli v\u0259 texniki x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nir.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nAz\u0259rbaycan mu\u011fam\u0131 2003-c\u00fc ild\u0259 UNESCO t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n b\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259tin \u015fifahi v\u0259 qeyri-maddi irsinin \u015fah \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n biri elan olunub. Mu\u011fam m\u0259nal\u0131 s\u00f6z v\u0259 musiqinin v\u0259hd\u0259tind\u0259n yaranan ecazkar kompozisiya, bitkin v\u0259 kamil s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259ridir. Az\u0259rbaycanda 7 \u0259sas, 3 k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i mu\u011fam var. \u018fsas mu\u011famlar “Rast”, “\u015eur”, “Segah”, “\u00c7ahargah”, “Bayat\u0131-\u015eiraz”, “\u015e\u00fc\u015ft\u0259r” v\u0259 “Humayun”, k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i mu\u011famlar is\u0259 “\u015eahnaz”, “Sar\u0259nc” v\u0259 “2-ci n\u00f6v \u00c7ahargah”d\u0131r.
\nMu\u011famlar ifa\u00e7\u0131dan x\u00fcsusi bo\u011faz texnikas\u0131 v\u0259 geni\u015f s\u0259s diapazonu t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Mu\u011fam s\u0259n\u0259ti Az\u0259rbaycan musiqisini z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259r\u0259k, ona yeni janrlar g\u0259tirmi\u015fdir.
\n\u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259ylinin mu\u011fam-operalar\u0131, Vaqif Mustafazad\u0259nin mu\u011fam-caz\u0131, Aq\u015fin \u018flizad\u0259 v\u0259 N\u0259riman M\u0259mm\u0259dovun mu\u011fam sonatalar\u0131, Fikr\u0259t \u018fmirov, Niyazi, S\u00fcleyman \u018fl\u0259sg\u0259rov, Nazim \u018fliverdib\u0259yovun xor v\u0259 simfonik mu\u011famlar\u0131 \u015e\u0259rq v\u0259 Q\u0259rb musiqi \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda meydana g\u0259l\u0259n olduqca maraql\u0131 v\u0259 nadir eksperimentl\u0259rdir.
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda opera s\u0259n\u0259ti ke\u00e7\u0259n \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl tapma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131b.
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda opera s\u0259n\u0259tinin \u0259sas\u0131 1908-ci il yanvar\u0131n 12-d\u0259 \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259ylinin H.Z.Ta\u011f\u0131yev teatr\u0131nda s\u0259hn\u0259l\u0259\u015fdiril\u0259n v\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u015e\u0259rqinin ilk opera \u0259s\u0259ri olan “Leyli v\u0259 M\u0259cnun”u il\u0259 qoyulub.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan musiqisinin dig\u0259r qolunu is\u0259 tamamil\u0259 f\u0259rqli qurulu\u015fa v\u0259 ifa\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q v\u0259rdi\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259 sahib olan a\u015f\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Ki\u00e7ik bir tama\u015fan\u0131 xat\u0131rladan a\u015f\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti \u00e7ox\u015fax\u0259li \u015fifahi xalq yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir istiqam\u0259tidir. Orada xalq\u0131n sad\u0259 ist\u0259k v\u0259 arzular\u0131, sevgi v\u0259 q\u0259hr\u0259manl\u0131q hissl\u0259ri b\u0259dii \u0259ksini tap\u0131r. A\u015f\u0131qlar h\u0259m d\u0259 \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 s\u0259yyahlard\u0131r. Eld\u0259n-el\u0259 dola\u015fan s\u0259n\u0259tkarlar g\u00f6rd\u00fckl\u0259rini, e\u015fitdikl\u0259rini, ba\u015flar\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259n \u0259n maraql\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259ri n\u0259zm\u0259 \u00e7\u0259k\u0259r\u0259k dastanlara \u00e7eviribl\u0259r. “Abbas v\u0259 G\u00fclg\u0259z”, “A\u015f\u0131q Q\u0259rib”, “\u018fsli v\u0259 K\u0259r\u0259m”, “Tahir v\u0259 Z\u00f6hr\u0259” v\u0259 dig\u0259r dastanlar da bel\u0259 yaran\u0131b.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan b\u0259st\u0259karlar\u0131, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259yli, Qara Qarayev \u00f6z yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131q musiqisinin s\u0259xav\u0259tind\u0259n d\u00f6n\u0259-d\u00f6n\u0259 yararlan\u0131blar. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n a\u015f\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti UNESCO-nun qeyri-maddi m\u0259d\u0259ni irs \u00fczr\u0259 Reprezentativ siyah\u0131s\u0131na daxil edilmi\u015fdir.[:en]Everyone who listens to Azerbaijani music, reads poems and gossips, watches Azerbaijani artists’ works, and learns about such arts as painting and copper, feels in a magical world. This is not accidental. The ancient national and spiritual values of Azerbaijan, the enchantment of nature, as if it were music and art. Azerbaijani art is as colorful, rich and rich as the nature. In keeping with its ancient national-spiritual values and traditions, Azerbaijan is known today as the junction of various civilizations around the world.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nThe history of professional theater in Azerbaijan dates back to 1873. At the initiative of Hasan bey Zardabi and Najaf bey Vezirov, the founder of the Azerbaijani press, on March 10, a group of amateurs made the comedy “Lankaran khan” and “Haji Kara” by Mirza Fatali Akhundov, the founder of the national drama. Thus, the foundation of the Azerbaijani theater was laid.
\nIn addition to the masterpieces of world drama, the repertoire of the Azerbaijani theater includes Huseyn Javid, Nariman Narimanov, Abdulrahim bey Hagverdiyev, Jalil Mammadguluzadeh, Najaf bey Vazirov, Mir Jalal Pashayev, Bakhtiyar Vahabzadeh,
\nAt present there are 23 theaters in Azerbaijan with their repertoire. The fact that Azerbaijan is a tolerant country is also reflected in the cultural life of the country, and currently there are theaters in Lezghian and Russian languages.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nIn 1916, directors Boris Svetlov and Grigori Lemberg, based on the work of writer Ibrahim bey Musabeyov, made their first full-length feature film in the Kingdom of Oil and Millions. The pair continued their creative tandem in their first full-length feature films, “Wife” and “The New Story,” which was then released on screen.
\nIt would be worth mentioning a special aspect that increases the value of the movie “The Kingdom of Oil and Millions.” Because in this film the famous theater giants of the time were Hussein Arablinski, Mirmahnud Kazimovowski, prominent singer Jabbar Garyagdioglu and style Kurban Pirimov.
\nThe first film of the same origin based on the operetta “Arshin mal alan” by U. Hajibeyli also appeared at that time. Attempts to screen this work in the silent phase of Azerbaijani cinema have failed. However, sound versions of the work, which appeared on screens in 1945 and 1965, were the highest-grossing film in the former Soviet Union. The film “Arshin Mal Alan”, shot in 1945, was included in the “Golden List” of the “100 favorite movies” among the many foreign films on the Soviet screen.
\nIn 1925, the first Azerbaijani detective movie, “Replacement” (directed by Alexander Litvinov) appears on screen. As the first national filmmaker in Azerbaijan, Abbas Mirza Sharifzade made the film “Bismillah”.
\nAzerbaijan’s cinema has escaped silence in the midst of the widespread shooting of sound films around the world. In 1936, the first soundtrack to the Blue Sea (film directed by Boris Barnet, cameraman Michael Kirillov) appeared on the screens.
\nIn 1956, the filmmakers first watched the film “Let It Be It” in colorful scenes. The film was filmed by director Huseyin Seyidzade and cameraman Alakattar Atakishev based on the same comedy by Uzeyir Hajibeyli, the founder of Azerbaijani professional music and national opera.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nAmong the ancient examples of fine arts are pottery, decorative ornaments, paintings, reliefs, sculptures, sculptures of stone and metal. Among them are Nakhchivan, Khojavand, Gadabay, Lake Urmiya, globe-shaped dishes found in the territory of Garabagh, double-shaped reindeer, bronze plates with 5 fantastic animal drawings, golden collars, golden glass, ceramic vessels with their elegance and beauty.
\nDecorative dishes, cups, and ornaments found in Mingachevir and Shamakhi prove the existence of glass production in Azerbaijan since ancient times. Patterns of sculpture and sculpture are widely used in the art of the Albanian period. The most perfect example of this period is the depiction of two peacock birds standing on the left and right of the sacred tree on the surface of the stone capital of the Mingachevir temple (5th-6th centuries).
\nMonumental wall paintings in Sheki, Shusha, Guba, Ordubad, Lahij, and other cities and settlements are closely linked to folk art traditions. The Sheki Khan Palace, as well as many areas, show the mastery of artists who lived and created the wall at that time.
\nAzerbaijan is enriched with ancient fine arts and architectural works that have been a part of folk art since ancient times. The Maiden Tower and Shirvanshahs Palace Complex in Baku, the architectural letter from the architect Ajami to Nakhchivan and the tombs of Yusuf ibn K\u00fcseyir, the Panahali khan’s palace in Shusha, the paintings on the wall of the Sheki khan’s palace and many others are rare.
\nToday, the works of Azerbaijani artists and sculptors are known and exhibited around the world. Azim Azimzade, Sattar Bahlulzade, Maral Rahmanzadeh, Tahir Salahov, Togrul Narimanbekov, Omar Eldarov and other famous artists and sculptors enrich the art of Azerbaijan. By the way, UNESCO’s announcement of 2009 as the year of Sattar Bahlulzadeh is regarded as an appreciation of Azerbaijani fine arts internationally.
\nWorks of landscape genre creator, painter and graphic artist Sattar Bahlulzade are displayed in exhibition halls in Paris, Naples, Vienna, Havana, Berlin, Damascus, Beirut, and Baghdad.
\nIn general, today, Victoria and Albert in London, Louvre in Paris, Washington Metro, Vienna, Rome, Berlin, Istanbul, Tehran, Cairo look at the rich museums of Tabriz, Nakhchivan, Ganja, Gazakh, Guba, Baku, Sheki and Shamakhi. examples of handmade art.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nAzerbaijani carpets are slippery and non-woven. Weaving carpets are divided into 8 different types: Palaz, Cecim, Lad, Kilim, Shade, Varni, Zili, Sumax.
\nThe geography of carpet art is divided into seven schools (Guba, Absheron, Shirvan, Ganja, Gazakh, Karabakh, Tabriz). Each of them differs by its geographical location, pattern, composition, color resolution and technical specifications.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nAzerbaijani mugham was declared by UNESCO in 2003 as one of the masterpieces of the oral and intangible heritage of mankind. Mugam is a marvelous composition, a plant and a perfect work of art, inspired by the unity of meaningful words and music. There are 7 main and 3 auxiliary mughams in Azerbaijan. The main mugams are “Rast”, “Shur”, “Segah”, “Chahargah”, “Bayati-Shiraz”, “Shushtar” and “Humayun”, and auxiliary mugams “Shahnaz”, “Saranj” and “2nd type”. is.
\nThe mugams require a special throat technique and a wide range of sound from the performer. Mugam’s art enriched Azerbaijani music and brought it new genres.
\nThe musicians of Uzeyir Hajibeyli, the mugam and jazz singers of Vagif Mustafazadeh, the mugam sonatas of Akshin Alizadeh and Nariman Mammadov, the chorus and the symphonic singer-songwriters of the chorus and symphonic singers.
\nOpera art began to emerge in Azerbaijan at the beginning of the last century.
\nThe basis of opera art in Azerbaijan was laid on January 12, 1908 by Leyli and Majnun, which was staged at Uzeyir Hajibeyli’s H.Z Tagiyev Theater and was the first Muslim Eastern opera.
\nAnother piece of Azerbaijani music is ashug art with a completely different structure and singing skills. The ashug art, reminiscent of a small performance, is a facet of multi-faceted oral folk art. It is an artistic expression of the simple desires and wishes of the people, the feelings of love and heroism. Ashigs are also the best travelers. The artisans, who have been walking around, have transformed what they saw, heard and heard, the most interesting events. Such epics as “Abbas and Gulgaz”, “Ashig Karib”, “Original and Kerem”, “Tahir and Zohra” and others.
\nAzerbaijani composers, especially Uzeyir Hajibeyli and Gara Garayev, have benefited from the generosity of ashug music in their creations. Azerbaijani ashug art is included in the UNESCO Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage.[:ru]\u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0443, \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0445\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438, \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u044c, \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0432 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u0448\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e. \u0414\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u043e\u0447\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e. \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0412 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u0434\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a 1873 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u041f\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0425\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u0431\u0438 \u0438 \u041d\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0444\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 10 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u00ab\u041b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044c \u0445\u0430\u043d\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u0413\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u00bb \u041c\u0438\u0440\u0437\u044b \u0424\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0410\u0445\u0443\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u044b. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0444\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d.
\n\u041f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0448\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u044b \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0440\u0435 \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0413\u0443\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d \u0414\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0434, \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u0410\u0431\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0438\u043c \u0431\u0435\u043a \u0425\u0430\u0433\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0435\u0432, \u0414\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b \u041c\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0443\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435, \u041d\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0444 \u0431\u0435\u043a \u0412\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u041c\u0438\u0440 \u0414\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043b \u041f\u0430\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0432, \u0411\u0430\u0445\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0440 \u0412\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0431\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435,
\n\u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 23 \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043c. \u0422\u043e\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b, \u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0437\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u0412 1916 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441 \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0413\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u041b\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0433, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0418\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u041c\u0443\u0441\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u0432 \u00ab\u0426\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0444\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u00bb. \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u00ab\u0416\u0435\u043d\u0430\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d.
\n\u0421\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u044f\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u00ab\u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0444\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u044b\u00bb. \u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0425\u0443\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d \u0410\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u041c\u0438\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0445\u043d\u0443\u0434 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0446 \u0414\u0436\u0430\u0431\u0431\u0430\u0440 \u0413\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0433\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c \u041a\u0443\u0440\u0431\u0430\u043d \u041f\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432.
\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0442\u044b \u00ab\u0410\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043d \u043c\u0430\u043b \u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u00bb \u0423. \u0413\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f. \u041f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0432 1945 \u0438 1965 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437\u0435. \u0424\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u00ab\u0410\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043d \u043c\u0430\u043b \u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u00bb, \u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0432 1945 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u00ab\u0417\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u00bb \u00ab100 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u043e\u0432\u00bb \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435.
\n\u0412 1925 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u00ab\u0417\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u00bb (\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u041b\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432). \u0411\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435, \u0410\u0431\u0431\u0430\u0441 \u041c\u0438\u0440\u0437\u0430 \u0428\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u043d\u044f\u043b \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u00ab\u0411\u0438\u0441\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0445\u00bb.
\n\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u044a\u0435\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443. \u0412 1936 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043a \u043a \u0421\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u044e (\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u041a\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430).
\n\u0412 1956 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u00ab\u041f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u00bb \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0445. \u0424\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0413\u0443\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0421\u0435\u0438\u0434\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0410\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0410\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0423\u0437\u0435\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044b.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u041a \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0443 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0444\u044b, \u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u043d\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0430. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041d\u0430\u0445\u0447\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d, \u0425\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0434, \u0413\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0439, \u041e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043e \u0423\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f, \u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0440\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0445\u0430, \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u0431\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u0441 5 \u0444\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0437\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0437\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043b\u043e, \u043a\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u044b \u0441 \u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0439.
\n\u0414\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430, \u0447\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0433\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u0428\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0445, \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d. \u0423\u0437\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u0431\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 – \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043f\u0442\u0438\u0446-\u043f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0433\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0440 (V-VI \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430).
\n\u041c\u043e\u043d\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0428\u0435\u043a\u0438, \u0428\u0443\u0448\u0435, \u0413\u0443\u0431\u0435, \u041e\u0440\u0434\u0443\u0431\u0430\u0434\u0435, \u041b\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0441 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0414\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0446 \u0428\u0435\u043a\u0438-\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u0432 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f.
\n\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d. \u0414\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447\u044c\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044f \u0438 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0446\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0428\u0438\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0448\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0443, \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0410\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u041d\u0430\u0445\u0447\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u042e\u0441\u0443\u0444\u0430 \u0438\u0431\u043d \u041a\u0443\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0440\u0430, \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0446 \u041f\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0428\u0443\u0448\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0430 \u0428\u0435\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e.
\n\u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443. \u0410\u0437\u0438\u043c \u0410\u0437\u0438\u043c\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435, \u0421\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0430\u0440 \u0411\u0430\u0445\u043b\u0443\u043b\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435, \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b \u0420\u0430\u0445\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435, \u0422\u0430\u0438\u0440 \u0421\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432, \u0422\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043b \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0431\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u041e\u043c\u0430\u0440 \u042d\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0430. \u041a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u042e\u041d\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e 2009 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0413\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0421\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u0445\u043b\u0443\u043b\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0435.
\n\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0439\u0437\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0430\u043d\u0440\u0430, \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0446\u0430 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u0445\u043b\u0443\u043b\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0430, \u041d\u0435\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f, \u0412\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0413\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b, \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u0414\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0411\u0435\u0439\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0411\u0430\u0433\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0430.
\n\u0412 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043c, \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0410\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442 \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0435, \u041b\u0443\u0432\u0440 \u0432 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0435, \u0412\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e, \u200b\u200b\u0412\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u0420\u0438\u043c, \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d, \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0431\u0443\u043b, \u0422\u0435\u0433\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d, \u041a\u0430\u0438\u0440 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0438 \u0422\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430, \u041d\u0430\u0445\u0447\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0413\u044f\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0438, \u0413\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445\u0430, \u0413\u0443\u0431\u044b, \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0443, \u0428\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0428\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0445\u0438. \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u044b \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u0422\u043a\u0430\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u044b \u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 8 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432: \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0437, \u0446\u0435\u0446\u0438\u043c, \u043b\u0430\u0434, \u043a\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043c, \u0448\u0435\u0439\u0434, \u0432\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438, \u0437\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0441\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441.
\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b (\u0413\u0443\u0431\u0430, \u0410\u0431\u0448\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043d, \u0428\u0438\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043d, \u0413\u044f\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0430, \u0413\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445, \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0445, \u0422\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0437). \u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439, \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u042e\u041d\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e \u0432 2003 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0448\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c – \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0432\u0434\u043e\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0438. \u0412 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 7 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 3 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0430. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f “\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0442”, “\u0428\u0443\u0440”, “\u0421\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0445”, “\u0427\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430”, “\u0411\u0430\u044f\u0442\u0438-\u0428\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437”, “\u0428\u0443\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0440” \u0438 “\u0425\u0443\u043c\u0430\u044e\u043d”, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c\u044b “\u0428\u0430\u0445\u043d\u0430\u0437”, “\u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0436” \u0438 “2-\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f”. \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c.
\n\u041c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c\u044b \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043b\u0430 \u0438 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u041c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0435\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0436\u0430\u043d\u0440\u044b.
\n\u041c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0423\u0437\u0435\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438, \u043c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u0436\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u0446\u044b \u0412\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0444\u0430 \u041c\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0444\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435, \u043c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0410\u043a\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u0438 \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u0445\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u0446\u044b-\u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u0446\u043e\u0432.
\n\u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430.
\n\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 12 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 1908 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u041b\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0436\u043d\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u200b\u200b\u0432 \u0422\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0413.\u0417. \u0422\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0423\u0437\u0435\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0439.
\n\u0415\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0438 – \u0430\u0448\u0443\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u044b\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0410\u0448\u0443\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0432\u0438 \u0438 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430. \u0410\u0448\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u0420\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0443\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u0410\u0431\u0431\u0430\u0441 \u0438 \u0413\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430\u0437\u00bb, \u00ab\u0410\u0448\u0438\u0433 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0431\u00bb, \u00ab\u041e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0438 \u041a\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u00bb, \u00ab\u0422\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0440 \u0438 \u0417\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u00bb \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435.
\n\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0423\u0437\u0435\u0438\u0440 \u0413\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432, \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0449\u0435\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0430\u0448\u0443\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u0448\u0443\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f \u042e\u041d\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e.[:]<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda professional teatr\u0131n tarixi 1873-c\u00fc ild\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r. H\u0259min il mart\u0131n 10-da Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n banisi H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi v\u0259 N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirovun t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc il\u0259 bir qrup h\u0259v\u0259skarlardan ibar\u0259t d\u0259st\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkir, milli dramaturgiyan\u0131n banisi Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li Axundovun “L\u0259nk\u0259ran xan\u0131n v\u0259ziri” v\u0259 “Hac\u0131 Qara” komediyalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0259hn\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131rlad\u0131lar. Bununla da Az\u0259rbaycan teatr\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcn\u00f6vr\u0259si qoyuldu.
\nG\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 d\u00fcnya dramaturgiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fah \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, Az\u0259rbaycan teatr\u0131n\u0131n repertuar\u0131 H\u00fcseyn Cavid, N\u0259riman N\u0259rimanov, \u018fbd\u00fclr\u0259him b\u0259y Haqverdiyev, C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259, N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirov, Mir C\u0259lal Pa\u015fayev, B\u0259xtiyar Vahabzad\u0259, N\u0259bi X\u0259zri, \u0130lyas \u018ff\u0259ndiyev kimi \u0259d\u0259bi n\u0259h\u0259ngl\u0259rin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdi.
\nHaz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycanda \u00f6z repertuar\u0131 il\u0259 se\u00e7il\u0259n 23 teatr var. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n tolerant bir \u00f6lk\u0259 olmas\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259nin m\u0259d\u0259ni h\u0259yat\u0131nda da \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00fcruz\u0259 verir v\u0259 haz\u0131rda l\u0259zgi, rus dill\u0259rind\u0259 teatrlar da f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n1916-c\u0131 ild\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 \u0130brahim b\u0259y Musab\u0259yovun \u0259s\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda rejissorlar Boris Svetlov v\u0259 Qriqori Lemberq “Neft v\u0259 milyonlar s\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259” adl\u0131 ilk tammetrajl\u0131 b\u0259dii filmi lent\u0259 alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Bu c\u00fctl\u00fck \u00f6z yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q tandemini h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 ekranlara \u00e7\u0131xaran “Arvad” v\u0259 “Yeni t\u0259rzd\u0259 k\u00f6hn\u0259 \u0259hvalat” ilk tammetrajl\u0131 b\u0259dii filml\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259 davam etdirmi\u015fdil\u0259r.
\n“Neft v\u0259 milyonlar s\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259” filminin d\u0259y\u0259rini art\u0131ran x\u00fcsusi bir c\u0259h\u0259ti qeyd etm\u0259k yerin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rdi. \u00c7\u00fcnki bu filmd\u0259 h\u0259min d\u00f6vr\u00fcn m\u0259\u015fhur teatr n\u0259h\u0259ngl\u0259ri H\u00fcseyn \u018fr\u0259blinski, Mirmahnud Kaz\u0131movski, g\u00f6rk\u0259mli xan\u0259nd\u0259 Cabbar Qarya\u011fd\u0131o\u011flu v\u0259 tarz\u0259n Qurban Pirimov \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015fdi.
\n\u00dc.Hac\u0131b\u0259ylinin “Ar\u015f\u0131n mal alan” operettas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda eyniadl\u0131 ilk kinokomediya da el\u0259 bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 meydana g\u0259lib. Az\u0259rbaycan kinosunun s\u0259ssiz m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 bu \u0259s\u0259ri ekranla\u015fd\u0131rmaq c\u0259hdi u\u011fursuzluqla n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ndi. Lakin \u0259s\u0259rin 1945 v\u0259 1965-ci ild\u0259 ekranlara \u00e7\u0131xan s\u0259sli versiyalar\u0131 ke\u00e7mi\u015f Sovet m\u0259kan\u0131nda \u0259n \u00e7ox kassa g\u0259liri \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259n film olub. 1945-ci ild\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n “Ar\u015f\u0131n mal alan” filmi Sovet ekran\u0131nda uzun ill\u0259r n\u00fcmayi\u015f olunan xarici \u00f6lk\u0259 filml\u0259rinin aras\u0131ndan “100 sevimli film” s\u0131ras\u0131nda “Q\u0131z\u0131l siyah\u0131”ya daxil edilib.
\n1925-ci ild\u0259 ilk Az\u0259rbaycan detektiv filmi olan “\u018fv\u0259z-\u0259v\u0259z\u0259” (rejissor Aleksandr Litvinov) ekrana g\u0259lir. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ilk milli kinorejissoru kimi is\u0259 Abbas Mirz\u0259 \u015e\u0259rifzad\u0259 “Bismillah” filmin\u0259 qurulu\u015f verib.
\nD\u00fcnyada s\u0259sli filml\u0259rin \u00e7\u0259kili\u015fl\u0259rinin geni\u015f v\u00fcs\u0259t ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan kinosu da s\u00fckutdan xilas oldu. 1936-c\u0131 ild\u0259 ilk s\u0259sli “Mavi d\u0259niz sahilind\u0259” filmi (filmin rejissoru Boris Barnet, operatoru Mixail Kirillov) ekranlara \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131.
\n1956-c\u0131 ild\u0259 kinosev\u0259rl\u0259r ilk d\u0259f\u0259 “O olmas\u0131n, bu olsun” filmini r\u0259ngli kadrlarda izl\u0259dil\u0259r. Filmi Az\u0259rbaycan pe\u015f\u0259kar musiqi s\u0259n\u0259tinin v\u0259 milli operan\u0131n banisi \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259ylinin eyniadl\u0131 komediyas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda rejissor H\u00fcseyn Seyidzad\u0259, operator \u018flis\u0259ttar Ataki\u015fiyev lent\u0259 alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nT\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259tin q\u0259dim n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda dulus\u00e7uluq, da\u015f v\u0259 metal m\u0259mulatlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259z\u0259y\u0259n dekorativ nax\u0131\u015flar, r\u0259sml\u0259r, qabartmalar (relyef t\u0259svirl\u0259r), heyk\u0259ll\u0259r \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Bu s\u0131rada Nax\u00e7\u0131van, Xocav\u0259nd, G\u0259d\u0259b\u0259y, \u00dcrmiya g\u00f6l\u00fc, Qaraba\u011f \u0259razisind\u0259n tap\u0131lan k\u00fcr\u0259 formal\u0131 qab, ikiba\u015fl\u0131 maral fiquru, \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 5 fantastik heyvan t\u0259sviri c\u0131z\u0131lm\u0131\u015f tunc qab, aypara \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 q\u0131z\u0131l yaxal\u0131q, q\u0131z\u0131l cam, keramik qablar \u00f6z z\u0259rifliyi, b\u0259dii kamilliyi il\u0259 g\u00f6z ox\u015fay\u0131r.
\nMing\u0259\u00e7evird\u0259n, \u015eamax\u0131dan tap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dekorativ qablar, piyal\u0259l\u0259r, qad\u0131n b\u0259z\u0259k \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycanda q\u0259dim vaxtlardan \u015f\u00fc\u015f\u0259 istehsal\u0131n\u0131n m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funu s\u00fcbuta yetirir. H\u0259kkakl\u0131q v\u0259 heyk\u0259lt\u0259ra\u015fl\u0131q n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri Albaniya d\u00f6vr\u00fc s\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259 geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6vr\u00fcn \u0259n kamil heyk\u0259ltara\u015fl\u0131q n\u00fcmun\u0259si Ming\u0259\u00e7evir m\u0259b\u0259dinin (5-6 \u0259srl\u0259r) da\u015f kapitelinin s\u0259thind\u0259 m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s dirilik a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n sol v\u0259 sa\u011f\u0131nda \u00fcz-\u00fcz\u0259 dayanm\u0131\u015f iki tovuz qu\u015funun qabartma t\u0259sviridir.
\n\u015e\u0259ki, \u015eu\u015fa, Quba, Ordubad, Lah\u0131cda, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 dig\u0259r \u015f\u0259h\u0259r v\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259sk\u0259nl\u0259rind\u0259 saxlan\u0131lan monumental divar r\u0259sml\u0259ri xalq yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 s\u0131x ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u015e\u0259ki Xan Saray\u0131, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 bir \u00e7ox b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 divar r\u0259sml\u0259ri h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131b yaradan s\u0259n\u0259tkarlar\u0131n ustal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan x\u0259b\u0259r verir.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan q\u0259dim zamanlardan b\u0259ri t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, xalq s\u0259n\u0259tinin bir qolu olan memarl\u0131q \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 d\u0259 z\u0259ngindir. Bak\u0131dak\u0131 Q\u0131z Qalas\u0131 v\u0259 \u015eirvan\u015fahlar Saray\u0131 Kompleksi, memar \u018fc\u0259minin Nax\u00e7\u0131vanda yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00f6min\u0259 xat\u0131n v\u0259 Yusif ibn K\u00fcseyir t\u00fcrb\u0259l\u0259ri, \u015eu\u015fadak\u0131 P\u0259nah\u0259li xan\u0131n saray\u0131, Nat\u0259van\u0131n evi, \u015e\u0259ki xanlar\u0131 saray\u0131n\u0131n divar\u0131ndak\u0131 r\u0259sml\u0259r v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259ri memarl\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259tinin nadir incil\u0259ridir.
\nBu g\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan r\u0259ssamlar\u0131n\u0131n, heyk\u0259lt\u0259ra\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri d\u00fcnyada tan\u0131n\u0131r v\u0259 s\u0259rgil\u0259nir. \u018fzim \u018fzimzad\u0259, S\u0259ttar B\u0259hlulzad\u0259, Maral R\u0259hmanzad\u0259, Tahir Salahov, To\u011frul N\u0259rimanb\u0259yov, \u00d6m\u0259r Eldarov v\u0259 dig\u0259r tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f r\u0259ssam v\u0259 heyk\u0259lt\u0259ra\u015flar yaratd\u0131qlar\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan s\u0259n\u0259tini z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdirirl\u0259r. Yeri g\u0259lmi\u015fk\u0259n, UNESCO-nun 2009-cu ili S\u0259ttar B\u0259hlulzad\u0259 ili elan etm\u0259si beyn\u0259lxalq al\u0259md\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259tinin t\u0259qdir olunmas\u0131 kimi q\u0259bul edilir.
\nM\u00fcasir boyakarl\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259 m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259 janr\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, r\u0259ssam, qrafik S\u0259ttar B\u0259hlulzad\u0259nin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri Parisin, Neapolun, Vyanan\u0131n, Havanan\u0131n, Berlinin, D\u0259m\u0259\u015fqin, Beyrutun, Ba\u011fdad\u0131n s\u0259rgi salonlar\u0131nda n\u00fcmayi\u015f olunub.
\n\u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, bu g\u00fcn Londonun Viktoriya v\u0259 Albert, Parisin Luvr, Va\u015finqtonun Metropoliten, Vyanan\u0131n, Roman\u0131n, Berlinin, \u0130stanbulun, Tehran\u0131n, Qahir\u0259nin z\u0259ngin muzey kolleksiyalar\u0131na baxark\u0259n orada T\u0259briz, Nax\u00e7\u0131van, G\u0259nc\u0259, Qazax, Quba, Bak\u0131, \u015e\u0259ki, \u015eamax\u0131 v\u0259 Qaraba\u011f ustalar\u0131n\u0131n bacar\u0131ql\u0131 \u0259ll\u0259ri il\u0259 yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u0259n\u0259t n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rini g\u00f6rm\u0259k olar.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nAz\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 xovlu v\u0259 xovsuz olur. Xovsuz xal\u00e7alar \u00f6z toxunma \u00fcsuluna, kompozisiya qurulu\u015funa, ornament z\u0259nginliyin\u0259 v\u0259 r\u0259ng koloritin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259n\u0259n 8 n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr: Palaz, Cecim, Lad\u0131, Kilim, \u015e\u0259dd\u0259, V\u0259rni, Zili, Sumax.
\nXal\u00e7a s\u0259n\u0259ti co\u011frafi m\u00f6vqeyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u015f\u0259rti olaraq 7 m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259 (Quba, Ab\u015feron, \u015eirvan, G\u0259nc\u0259, Qazax, Qaraba\u011f, T\u0259briz) ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n h\u0259r biri co\u011frafi m\u00f6vqeyin\u0259, nax\u0131\u015f, kompozisiya, r\u0259ng h\u0259lli v\u0259 texniki x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nir.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nAz\u0259rbaycan mu\u011fam\u0131 2003-c\u00fc ild\u0259 UNESCO t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n b\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259tin \u015fifahi v\u0259 qeyri-maddi irsinin \u015fah \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n biri elan olunub. Mu\u011fam m\u0259nal\u0131 s\u00f6z v\u0259 musiqinin v\u0259hd\u0259tind\u0259n yaranan ecazkar kompozisiya, bitkin v\u0259 kamil s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259ridir. Az\u0259rbaycanda 7 \u0259sas, 3 k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i mu\u011fam var. \u018fsas mu\u011famlar “Rast”, “\u015eur”, “Segah”, “\u00c7ahargah”, “Bayat\u0131-\u015eiraz”, “\u015e\u00fc\u015ft\u0259r” v\u0259 “Humayun”, k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i mu\u011famlar is\u0259 “\u015eahnaz”, “Sar\u0259nc” v\u0259 “2-ci n\u00f6v \u00c7ahargah”d\u0131r.
\nMu\u011famlar ifa\u00e7\u0131dan x\u00fcsusi bo\u011faz texnikas\u0131 v\u0259 geni\u015f s\u0259s diapazonu t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Mu\u011fam s\u0259n\u0259ti Az\u0259rbaycan musiqisini z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259r\u0259k, ona yeni janrlar g\u0259tirmi\u015fdir.
\n\u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259ylinin mu\u011fam-operalar\u0131, Vaqif Mustafazad\u0259nin mu\u011fam-caz\u0131, Aq\u015fin \u018flizad\u0259 v\u0259 N\u0259riman M\u0259mm\u0259dovun mu\u011fam sonatalar\u0131, Fikr\u0259t \u018fmirov, Niyazi, S\u00fcleyman \u018fl\u0259sg\u0259rov, Nazim \u018fliverdib\u0259yovun xor v\u0259 simfonik mu\u011famlar\u0131 \u015e\u0259rq v\u0259 Q\u0259rb musiqi \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda meydana g\u0259l\u0259n olduqca maraql\u0131 v\u0259 nadir eksperimentl\u0259rdir.
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda opera s\u0259n\u0259ti ke\u00e7\u0259n \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl tapma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131b.
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda opera s\u0259n\u0259tinin \u0259sas\u0131 1908-ci il yanvar\u0131n 12-d\u0259 \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259ylinin H.Z.Ta\u011f\u0131yev teatr\u0131nda s\u0259hn\u0259l\u0259\u015fdiril\u0259n v\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u015e\u0259rqinin ilk opera \u0259s\u0259ri olan “Leyli v\u0259 M\u0259cnun”u il\u0259 qoyulub.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan musiqisinin dig\u0259r qolunu is\u0259 tamamil\u0259 f\u0259rqli qurulu\u015fa v\u0259 ifa\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q v\u0259rdi\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259 sahib olan a\u015f\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Ki\u00e7ik bir tama\u015fan\u0131 xat\u0131rladan a\u015f\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti \u00e7ox\u015fax\u0259li \u015fifahi xalq yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir istiqam\u0259tidir. Orada xalq\u0131n sad\u0259 ist\u0259k v\u0259 arzular\u0131, sevgi v\u0259 q\u0259hr\u0259manl\u0131q hissl\u0259ri b\u0259dii \u0259ksini tap\u0131r. A\u015f\u0131qlar h\u0259m d\u0259 \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 s\u0259yyahlard\u0131r. Eld\u0259n-el\u0259 dola\u015fan s\u0259n\u0259tkarlar g\u00f6rd\u00fckl\u0259rini, e\u015fitdikl\u0259rini, ba\u015flar\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259n \u0259n maraql\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259ri n\u0259zm\u0259 \u00e7\u0259k\u0259r\u0259k dastanlara \u00e7eviribl\u0259r. “Abbas v\u0259 G\u00fclg\u0259z”, “A\u015f\u0131q Q\u0259rib”, “\u018fsli v\u0259 K\u0259r\u0259m”, “Tahir v\u0259 Z\u00f6hr\u0259” v\u0259 dig\u0259r dastanlar da bel\u0259 yaran\u0131b.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan b\u0259st\u0259karlar\u0131, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259yli, Qara Qarayev \u00f6z yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131q musiqisinin s\u0259xav\u0259tind\u0259n d\u00f6n\u0259-d\u00f6n\u0259 yararlan\u0131blar. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n a\u015f\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti UNESCO-nun qeyri-maddi m\u0259d\u0259ni irs \u00fczr\u0259 Reprezentativ siyah\u0131s\u0131na daxil edilmi\u015fdir.[:en]Everyone who listens to Azerbaijani music, reads poems and gossips, watches Azerbaijani artists’ works, and learns about such arts as painting and copper, feels in a magical world. This is not accidental. The ancient national and spiritual values of Azerbaijan, the enchantment of nature, as if it were music and art. Azerbaijani art is as colorful, rich and rich as the nature. In keeping with its ancient national-spiritual values and traditions, Azerbaijan is known today as the junction of various civilizations around the world.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nThe history of professional theater in Azerbaijan dates back to 1873. At the initiative of Hasan bey Zardabi and Najaf bey Vezirov, the founder of the Azerbaijani press, on March 10, a group of amateurs made the comedy “Lankaran khan” and “Haji Kara” by Mirza Fatali Akhundov, the founder of the national drama. Thus, the foundation of the Azerbaijani theater was laid.
\nIn addition to the masterpieces of world drama, the repertoire of the Azerbaijani theater includes Huseyn Javid, Nariman Narimanov, Abdulrahim bey Hagverdiyev, Jalil Mammadguluzadeh, Najaf bey Vazirov, Mir Jalal Pashayev, Bakhtiyar Vahabzadeh,
\nAt present there are 23 theaters in Azerbaijan with their repertoire. The fact that Azerbaijan is a tolerant country is also reflected in the cultural life of the country, and currently there are theaters in Lezghian and Russian languages.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nIn 1916, directors Boris Svetlov and Grigori Lemberg, based on the work of writer Ibrahim bey Musabeyov, made their first full-length feature film in the Kingdom of Oil and Millions. The pair continued their creative tandem in their first full-length feature films, “Wife” and “The New Story,” which was then released on screen.
\nIt would be worth mentioning a special aspect that increases the value of the movie “The Kingdom of Oil and Millions.” Because in this film the famous theater giants of the time were Hussein Arablinski, Mirmahnud Kazimovowski, prominent singer Jabbar Garyagdioglu and style Kurban Pirimov.
\nThe first film of the same origin based on the operetta “Arshin mal alan” by U. Hajibeyli also appeared at that time. Attempts to screen this work in the silent phase of Azerbaijani cinema have failed. However, sound versions of the work, which appeared on screens in 1945 and 1965, were the highest-grossing film in the former Soviet Union. The film “Arshin Mal Alan”, shot in 1945, was included in the “Golden List” of the “100 favorite movies” among the many foreign films on the Soviet screen.
\nIn 1925, the first Azerbaijani detective movie, “Replacement” (directed by Alexander Litvinov) appears on screen. As the first national filmmaker in Azerbaijan, Abbas Mirza Sharifzade made the film “Bismillah”.
\nAzerbaijan’s cinema has escaped silence in the midst of the widespread shooting of sound films around the world. In 1936, the first soundtrack to the Blue Sea (film directed by Boris Barnet, cameraman Michael Kirillov) appeared on the screens.
\nIn 1956, the filmmakers first watched the film “Let It Be It” in colorful scenes. The film was filmed by director Huseyin Seyidzade and cameraman Alakattar Atakishev based on the same comedy by Uzeyir Hajibeyli, the founder of Azerbaijani professional music and national opera.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nAmong the ancient examples of fine arts are pottery, decorative ornaments, paintings, reliefs, sculptures, sculptures of stone and metal. Among them are Nakhchivan, Khojavand, Gadabay, Lake Urmiya, globe-shaped dishes found in the territory of Garabagh, double-shaped reindeer, bronze plates with 5 fantastic animal drawings, golden collars, golden glass, ceramic vessels with their elegance and beauty.
\nDecorative dishes, cups, and ornaments found in Mingachevir and Shamakhi prove the existence of glass production in Azerbaijan since ancient times. Patterns of sculpture and sculpture are widely used in the art of the Albanian period. The most perfect example of this period is the depiction of two peacock birds standing on the left and right of the sacred tree on the surface of the stone capital of the Mingachevir temple (5th-6th centuries).
\nMonumental wall paintings in Sheki, Shusha, Guba, Ordubad, Lahij, and other cities and settlements are closely linked to folk art traditions. The Sheki Khan Palace, as well as many areas, show the mastery of artists who lived and created the wall at that time.
\nAzerbaijan is enriched with ancient fine arts and architectural works that have been a part of folk art since ancient times. The Maiden Tower and Shirvanshahs Palace Complex in Baku, the architectural letter from the architect Ajami to Nakhchivan and the tombs of Yusuf ibn K\u00fcseyir, the Panahali khan’s palace in Shusha, the paintings on the wall of the Sheki khan’s palace and many others are rare.
\nToday, the works of Azerbaijani artists and sculptors are known and exhibited around the world. Azim Azimzade, Sattar Bahlulzade, Maral Rahmanzadeh, Tahir Salahov, Togrul Narimanbekov, Omar Eldarov and other famous artists and sculptors enrich the art of Azerbaijan. By the way, UNESCO’s announcement of 2009 as the year of Sattar Bahlulzadeh is regarded as an appreciation of Azerbaijani fine arts internationally.
\nWorks of landscape genre creator, painter and graphic artist Sattar Bahlulzade are displayed in exhibition halls in Paris, Naples, Vienna, Havana, Berlin, Damascus, Beirut, and Baghdad.
\nIn general, today, Victoria and Albert in London, Louvre in Paris, Washington Metro, Vienna, Rome, Berlin, Istanbul, Tehran, Cairo look at the rich museums of Tabriz, Nakhchivan, Ganja, Gazakh, Guba, Baku, Sheki and Shamakhi. examples of handmade art.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nAzerbaijani carpets are slippery and non-woven. Weaving carpets are divided into 8 different types: Palaz, Cecim, Lad, Kilim, Shade, Varni, Zili, Sumax.
\nThe geography of carpet art is divided into seven schools (Guba, Absheron, Shirvan, Ganja, Gazakh, Karabakh, Tabriz). Each of them differs by its geographical location, pattern, composition, color resolution and technical specifications.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nAzerbaijani mugham was declared by UNESCO in 2003 as one of the masterpieces of the oral and intangible heritage of mankind. Mugam is a marvelous composition, a plant and a perfect work of art, inspired by the unity of meaningful words and music. There are 7 main and 3 auxiliary mughams in Azerbaijan. The main mugams are “Rast”, “Shur”, “Segah”, “Chahargah”, “Bayati-Shiraz”, “Shushtar” and “Humayun”, and auxiliary mugams “Shahnaz”, “Saranj” and “2nd type”. is.
\nThe mugams require a special throat technique and a wide range of sound from the performer. Mugam’s art enriched Azerbaijani music and brought it new genres.
\nThe musicians of Uzeyir Hajibeyli, the mugam and jazz singers of Vagif Mustafazadeh, the mugam sonatas of Akshin Alizadeh and Nariman Mammadov, the chorus and the symphonic singer-songwriters of the chorus and symphonic singers.
\nOpera art began to emerge in Azerbaijan at the beginning of the last century.
\nThe basis of opera art in Azerbaijan was laid on January 12, 1908 by Leyli and Majnun, which was staged at Uzeyir Hajibeyli’s H.Z Tagiyev Theater and was the first Muslim Eastern opera.
\nAnother piece of Azerbaijani music is ashug art with a completely different structure and singing skills. The ashug art, reminiscent of a small performance, is a facet of multi-faceted oral folk art. It is an artistic expression of the simple desires and wishes of the people, the feelings of love and heroism. Ashigs are also the best travelers. The artisans, who have been walking around, have transformed what they saw, heard and heard, the most interesting events. Such epics as “Abbas and Gulgaz”, “Ashig Karib”, “Original and Kerem”, “Tahir and Zohra” and others.
\nAzerbaijani composers, especially Uzeyir Hajibeyli and Gara Garayev, have benefited from the generosity of ashug music in their creations. Azerbaijani ashug art is included in the UNESCO Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage.[:ru]\u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0443, \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0445\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438, \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u044c, \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0432 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u0448\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e. \u0414\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u043e\u0447\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e. \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0412 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u0434\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a 1873 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u041f\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0425\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u0431\u0438 \u0438 \u041d\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0444\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 10 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u00ab\u041b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044c \u0445\u0430\u043d\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u0413\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u00bb \u041c\u0438\u0440\u0437\u044b \u0424\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0410\u0445\u0443\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u044b. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0444\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d.
\n\u041f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0448\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u044b \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0440\u0435 \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0413\u0443\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d \u0414\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0434, \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u0410\u0431\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0438\u043c \u0431\u0435\u043a \u0425\u0430\u0433\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0435\u0432, \u0414\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b \u041c\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0443\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435, \u041d\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0444 \u0431\u0435\u043a \u0412\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u041c\u0438\u0440 \u0414\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043b \u041f\u0430\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0432, \u0411\u0430\u0445\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0440 \u0412\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0431\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435,
\n\u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 23 \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043c. \u0422\u043e\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b, \u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0437\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u0412 1916 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441 \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0413\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u041b\u0435\u043c\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0433, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0418\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u041c\u0443\u0441\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u0432 \u00ab\u0426\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0444\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u00bb. \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u00ab\u0416\u0435\u043d\u0430\u00bb \u0438 \u00ab\u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d.
\n\u0421\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u044f\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u00ab\u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0444\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043d\u044b\u00bb. \u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0433\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0425\u0443\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d \u0410\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u041c\u0438\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0445\u043d\u0443\u0434 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0446 \u0414\u0436\u0430\u0431\u0431\u0430\u0440 \u0413\u0430\u0440\u044f\u0433\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c \u041a\u0443\u0440\u0431\u0430\u043d \u041f\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432.
\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0442\u044b \u00ab\u0410\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043d \u043c\u0430\u043b \u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u00bb \u0423. \u0413\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f. \u041f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0432 1945 \u0438 1965 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437\u0435. \u0424\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u00ab\u0410\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043d \u043c\u0430\u043b \u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u00bb, \u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0432 1945 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u00ab\u0417\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u00bb \u00ab100 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u043e\u0432\u00bb \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435.
\n\u0412 1925 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u00ab\u0417\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u00bb (\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u041b\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432). \u0411\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435, \u0410\u0431\u0431\u0430\u0441 \u041c\u0438\u0440\u0437\u0430 \u0428\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u043d\u044f\u043b \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u00ab\u0411\u0438\u0441\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0445\u00bb.
\n\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u044a\u0435\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443. \u0412 1936 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043a \u043a \u0421\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u044e (\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u041a\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430).
\n\u0412 1956 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u00ab\u041f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u00bb \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0445. \u0424\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c \u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0413\u0443\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0421\u0435\u0438\u0434\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0410\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0410\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0423\u0437\u0435\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044b.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u041a \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0443 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0446\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0444\u044b, \u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u043d\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0430. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u041d\u0430\u0445\u0447\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d, \u0425\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0434, \u0413\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0439, \u041e\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043e \u0423\u0440\u043c\u0438\u044f, \u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0440\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0445\u0430, \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u0431\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u0441 5 \u0444\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0437\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0448\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0437\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043b\u043e, \u043a\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u044b \u0441 \u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0439.
\n\u0414\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430, \u0447\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0433\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u0428\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0445, \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d. \u0423\u0437\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u0431\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 – \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043f\u0442\u0438\u0446-\u043f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0433\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0440 (V-VI \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430).
\n\u041c\u043e\u043d\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0428\u0435\u043a\u0438, \u0428\u0443\u0448\u0435, \u0413\u0443\u0431\u0435, \u041e\u0440\u0434\u0443\u0431\u0430\u0434\u0435, \u041b\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0441 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0414\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0446 \u0428\u0435\u043a\u0438-\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u0432 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f.
\n\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d. \u0414\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447\u044c\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044f \u0438 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0446\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0428\u0438\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0448\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0443, \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0410\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u041d\u0430\u0445\u0447\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u042e\u0441\u0443\u0444\u0430 \u0438\u0431\u043d \u041a\u0443\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0440\u0430, \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0446 \u041f\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0428\u0443\u0448\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0430 \u0428\u0435\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e.
\n\u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443. \u0410\u0437\u0438\u043c \u0410\u0437\u0438\u043c\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435, \u0421\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0430\u0440 \u0411\u0430\u0445\u043b\u0443\u043b\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435, \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b \u0420\u0430\u0445\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435, \u0422\u0430\u0438\u0440 \u0421\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432, \u0422\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043b \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0431\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u041e\u043c\u0430\u0440 \u042d\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0430. \u041a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u042e\u041d\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e 2009 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0413\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0421\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u0445\u043b\u0443\u043b\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0435.
\n\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0439\u0437\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0430\u043d\u0440\u0430, \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0446\u0430 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u0445\u043b\u0443\u043b\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0430, \u041d\u0435\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f, \u0412\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0413\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b, \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u0414\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0411\u0435\u0439\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0411\u0430\u0433\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0430.
\n\u0412 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043c, \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0410\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442 \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0435, \u041b\u0443\u0432\u0440 \u0432 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0435, \u0412\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e, \u200b\u200b\u0412\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u0420\u0438\u043c, \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d, \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0431\u0443\u043b, \u0422\u0435\u0433\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043d, \u041a\u0430\u0438\u0440 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0438 \u0422\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430, \u041d\u0430\u0445\u0447\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0413\u044f\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0438, \u0413\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445\u0430, \u0413\u0443\u0431\u044b, \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0443, \u0428\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0428\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0445\u0438. \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u044b \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u0422\u043a\u0430\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u044b \u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 8 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432: \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0437, \u0446\u0435\u0446\u0438\u043c, \u043b\u0430\u0434, \u043a\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043c, \u0448\u0435\u0439\u0434, \u0432\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438, \u0437\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0441\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441.
\n\u0413\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b (\u0413\u0443\u0431\u0430, \u0410\u0431\u0448\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043d, \u0428\u0438\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043d, \u0413\u044f\u043d\u0434\u0436\u0430, \u0413\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445, \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0445, \u0422\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0437). \u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c, \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439, \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u042e\u041d\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e \u0432 2003 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0448\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c – \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0432\u0434\u043e\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0438. \u0412 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 7 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 3 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0430. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f “\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0442”, “\u0428\u0443\u0440”, “\u0421\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0445”, “\u0427\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430”, “\u0411\u0430\u044f\u0442\u0438-\u0428\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437”, “\u0428\u0443\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0440” \u0438 “\u0425\u0443\u043c\u0430\u044e\u043d”, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c\u044b “\u0428\u0430\u0445\u043d\u0430\u0437”, “\u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0436” \u0438 “2-\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f”. \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c.
\n\u041c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c\u044b \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043b\u0430 \u0438 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u041c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0435\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0436\u0430\u043d\u0440\u044b.
\n\u041c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0423\u0437\u0435\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438, \u043c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u0436\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u0446\u044b \u0412\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0444\u0430 \u041c\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0444\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435, \u043c\u0443\u0433\u0430\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0410\u043a\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u0438 \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u0445\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u0446\u044b-\u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u0446\u043e\u0432.
\n\u041e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430.
\n\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 12 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 1908 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u041b\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0436\u043d\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u200b\u200b\u0432 \u0422\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0413.\u0417. \u0422\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0423\u0437\u0435\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0439.
\n\u0415\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0438 – \u0430\u0448\u0443\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u044b\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0410\u0448\u0443\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0432\u0438 \u0438 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430. \u0410\u0448\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u0420\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0443\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u00ab\u0410\u0431\u0431\u0430\u0441 \u0438 \u0413\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430\u0437\u00bb, \u00ab\u0410\u0448\u0438\u0433 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0431\u00bb, \u00ab\u041e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0438 \u041a\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u00bb, \u00ab\u0422\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0440 \u0438 \u0417\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u00bb \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435.
\n\u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0423\u0437\u0435\u0438\u0440 \u0413\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432, \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0449\u0435\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0430\u0448\u0443\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0430\u0448\u0443\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0420\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f \u042e\u041d\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e.[:]<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda professional teatr\u0131n tarixi 1873-c\u00fc ild\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r. H\u0259min il mart\u0131n 10-da Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n banisi H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi v\u0259 N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirovun t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc il\u0259 bir qrup h\u0259v\u0259skarlardan ibar\u0259t d\u0259st\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkir, milli dramaturgiyan\u0131n banisi Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li Axundovun “L\u0259nk\u0259ran xan\u0131n v\u0259ziri” v\u0259 “Hac\u0131 Qara” komediyalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0259hn\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131rlad\u0131lar. Bununla da Az\u0259rbaycan teatr\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcn\u00f6vr\u0259si qoyuldu.
\nG\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 d\u00fcnya dramaturgiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fah \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, Az\u0259rbaycan teatr\u0131n\u0131n repertuar\u0131 H\u00fcseyn Cavid, N\u0259riman N\u0259rimanov, \u018fbd\u00fclr\u0259him b\u0259y Haqverdiyev, C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259, N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirov, Mir C\u0259lal Pa\u015fayev, B\u0259xtiyar Vahabzad\u0259, N\u0259bi X\u0259zri, \u0130lyas \u018ff\u0259ndiyev kimi \u0259d\u0259bi n\u0259h\u0259ngl\u0259rin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdi.
\nHaz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycanda \u00f6z repertuar\u0131 il\u0259 se\u00e7il\u0259n 23 teatr var. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n tolerant bir \u00f6lk\u0259 olmas\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259nin m\u0259d\u0259ni h\u0259yat\u0131nda da \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00fcruz\u0259 verir v\u0259 haz\u0131rda l\u0259zgi, rus dill\u0259rind\u0259 teatrlar da f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n1916-c\u0131 ild\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 \u0130brahim b\u0259y Musab\u0259yovun \u0259s\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda rejissorlar Boris Svetlov v\u0259 Qriqori Lemberq “Neft v\u0259 milyonlar s\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259” adl\u0131 ilk tammetrajl\u0131 b\u0259dii filmi lent\u0259 alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Bu c\u00fctl\u00fck \u00f6z yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q tandemini h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 ekranlara \u00e7\u0131xaran “Arvad” v\u0259 “Yeni t\u0259rzd\u0259 k\u00f6hn\u0259 \u0259hvalat” ilk tammetrajl\u0131 b\u0259dii filml\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259 davam etdirmi\u015fdil\u0259r.
\n“Neft v\u0259 milyonlar s\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259” filminin d\u0259y\u0259rini art\u0131ran x\u00fcsusi bir c\u0259h\u0259ti qeyd etm\u0259k yerin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rdi. \u00c7\u00fcnki bu filmd\u0259 h\u0259min d\u00f6vr\u00fcn m\u0259\u015fhur teatr n\u0259h\u0259ngl\u0259ri H\u00fcseyn \u018fr\u0259blinski, Mirmahnud Kaz\u0131movski, g\u00f6rk\u0259mli xan\u0259nd\u0259 Cabbar Qarya\u011fd\u0131o\u011flu v\u0259 tarz\u0259n Qurban Pirimov \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015fdi.
\n\u00dc.Hac\u0131b\u0259ylinin “Ar\u015f\u0131n mal alan” operettas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda eyniadl\u0131 ilk kinokomediya da el\u0259 bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 meydana g\u0259lib. Az\u0259rbaycan kinosunun s\u0259ssiz m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 bu \u0259s\u0259ri ekranla\u015fd\u0131rmaq c\u0259hdi u\u011fursuzluqla n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ndi. Lakin \u0259s\u0259rin 1945 v\u0259 1965-ci ild\u0259 ekranlara \u00e7\u0131xan s\u0259sli versiyalar\u0131 ke\u00e7mi\u015f Sovet m\u0259kan\u0131nda \u0259n \u00e7ox kassa g\u0259liri \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259n film olub. 1945-ci ild\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n “Ar\u015f\u0131n mal alan” filmi Sovet ekran\u0131nda uzun ill\u0259r n\u00fcmayi\u015f olunan xarici \u00f6lk\u0259 filml\u0259rinin aras\u0131ndan “100 sevimli film” s\u0131ras\u0131nda “Q\u0131z\u0131l siyah\u0131”ya daxil edilib.
\n1925-ci ild\u0259 ilk Az\u0259rbaycan detektiv filmi olan “\u018fv\u0259z-\u0259v\u0259z\u0259” (rejissor Aleksandr Litvinov) ekrana g\u0259lir. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ilk milli kinorejissoru kimi is\u0259 Abbas Mirz\u0259 \u015e\u0259rifzad\u0259 “Bismillah” filmin\u0259 qurulu\u015f verib.
\nD\u00fcnyada s\u0259sli filml\u0259rin \u00e7\u0259kili\u015fl\u0259rinin geni\u015f v\u00fcs\u0259t ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan kinosu da s\u00fckutdan xilas oldu. 1936-c\u0131 ild\u0259 ilk s\u0259sli “Mavi d\u0259niz sahilind\u0259” filmi (filmin rejissoru Boris Barnet, operatoru Mixail Kirillov) ekranlara \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131.
\n1956-c\u0131 ild\u0259 kinosev\u0259rl\u0259r ilk d\u0259f\u0259 “O olmas\u0131n, bu olsun” filmini r\u0259ngli kadrlarda izl\u0259dil\u0259r. Filmi Az\u0259rbaycan pe\u015f\u0259kar musiqi s\u0259n\u0259tinin v\u0259 milli operan\u0131n banisi \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259ylinin eyniadl\u0131 komediyas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda rejissor H\u00fcseyn Seyidzad\u0259, operator \u018flis\u0259ttar Ataki\u015fiyev lent\u0259 alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nT\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259tin q\u0259dim n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda dulus\u00e7uluq, da\u015f v\u0259 metal m\u0259mulatlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259z\u0259y\u0259n dekorativ nax\u0131\u015flar, r\u0259sml\u0259r, qabartmalar (relyef t\u0259svirl\u0259r), heyk\u0259ll\u0259r \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Bu s\u0131rada Nax\u00e7\u0131van, Xocav\u0259nd, G\u0259d\u0259b\u0259y, \u00dcrmiya g\u00f6l\u00fc, Qaraba\u011f \u0259razisind\u0259n tap\u0131lan k\u00fcr\u0259 formal\u0131 qab, ikiba\u015fl\u0131 maral fiquru, \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 5 fantastik heyvan t\u0259sviri c\u0131z\u0131lm\u0131\u015f tunc qab, aypara \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 q\u0131z\u0131l yaxal\u0131q, q\u0131z\u0131l cam, keramik qablar \u00f6z z\u0259rifliyi, b\u0259dii kamilliyi il\u0259 g\u00f6z ox\u015fay\u0131r.
\nMing\u0259\u00e7evird\u0259n, \u015eamax\u0131dan tap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dekorativ qablar, piyal\u0259l\u0259r, qad\u0131n b\u0259z\u0259k \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycanda q\u0259dim vaxtlardan \u015f\u00fc\u015f\u0259 istehsal\u0131n\u0131n m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funu s\u00fcbuta yetirir. H\u0259kkakl\u0131q v\u0259 heyk\u0259lt\u0259ra\u015fl\u0131q n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri Albaniya d\u00f6vr\u00fc s\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259 geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6vr\u00fcn \u0259n kamil heyk\u0259ltara\u015fl\u0131q n\u00fcmun\u0259si Ming\u0259\u00e7evir m\u0259b\u0259dinin (5-6 \u0259srl\u0259r) da\u015f kapitelinin s\u0259thind\u0259 m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s dirilik a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n sol v\u0259 sa\u011f\u0131nda \u00fcz-\u00fcz\u0259 dayanm\u0131\u015f iki tovuz qu\u015funun qabartma t\u0259sviridir.
\n\u015e\u0259ki, \u015eu\u015fa, Quba, Ordubad, Lah\u0131cda, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 dig\u0259r \u015f\u0259h\u0259r v\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259sk\u0259nl\u0259rind\u0259 saxlan\u0131lan monumental divar r\u0259sml\u0259ri xalq yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 s\u0131x ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u015e\u0259ki Xan Saray\u0131, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 bir \u00e7ox b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 divar r\u0259sml\u0259ri h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131b yaradan s\u0259n\u0259tkarlar\u0131n ustal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan x\u0259b\u0259r verir.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan q\u0259dim zamanlardan b\u0259ri t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, xalq s\u0259n\u0259tinin bir qolu olan memarl\u0131q \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 d\u0259 z\u0259ngindir. Bak\u0131dak\u0131 Q\u0131z Qalas\u0131 v\u0259 \u015eirvan\u015fahlar Saray\u0131 Kompleksi, memar \u018fc\u0259minin Nax\u00e7\u0131vanda yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00f6min\u0259 xat\u0131n v\u0259 Yusif ibn K\u00fcseyir t\u00fcrb\u0259l\u0259ri, \u015eu\u015fadak\u0131 P\u0259nah\u0259li xan\u0131n saray\u0131, Nat\u0259van\u0131n evi, \u015e\u0259ki xanlar\u0131 saray\u0131n\u0131n divar\u0131ndak\u0131 r\u0259sml\u0259r v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259ri memarl\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259tinin nadir incil\u0259ridir.
\nBu g\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan r\u0259ssamlar\u0131n\u0131n, heyk\u0259lt\u0259ra\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri d\u00fcnyada tan\u0131n\u0131r v\u0259 s\u0259rgil\u0259nir. \u018fzim \u018fzimzad\u0259, S\u0259ttar B\u0259hlulzad\u0259, Maral R\u0259hmanzad\u0259, Tahir Salahov, To\u011frul N\u0259rimanb\u0259yov, \u00d6m\u0259r Eldarov v\u0259 dig\u0259r tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f r\u0259ssam v\u0259 heyk\u0259lt\u0259ra\u015flar yaratd\u0131qlar\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan s\u0259n\u0259tini z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdirirl\u0259r. Yeri g\u0259lmi\u015fk\u0259n, UNESCO-nun 2009-cu ili S\u0259ttar B\u0259hlulzad\u0259 ili elan etm\u0259si beyn\u0259lxalq al\u0259md\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259tinin t\u0259qdir olunmas\u0131 kimi q\u0259bul edilir.
\nM\u00fcasir boyakarl\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259 m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259 janr\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, r\u0259ssam, qrafik S\u0259ttar B\u0259hlulzad\u0259nin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri Parisin, Neapolun, Vyanan\u0131n, Havanan\u0131n, Berlinin, D\u0259m\u0259\u015fqin, Beyrutun, Ba\u011fdad\u0131n s\u0259rgi salonlar\u0131nda n\u00fcmayi\u015f olunub.
\n\u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, bu g\u00fcn Londonun Viktoriya v\u0259 Albert, Parisin Luvr, Va\u015finqtonun Metropoliten, Vyanan\u0131n, Roman\u0131n, Berlinin, \u0130stanbulun, Tehran\u0131n, Qahir\u0259nin z\u0259ngin muzey kolleksiyalar\u0131na baxark\u0259n orada T\u0259briz, Nax\u00e7\u0131van, G\u0259nc\u0259, Qazax, Quba, Bak\u0131, \u015e\u0259ki, \u015eamax\u0131 v\u0259 Qaraba\u011f ustalar\u0131n\u0131n bacar\u0131ql\u0131 \u0259ll\u0259ri il\u0259 yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u0259n\u0259t n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rini g\u00f6rm\u0259k olar.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nAz\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 xovlu v\u0259 xovsuz olur. Xovsuz xal\u00e7alar \u00f6z toxunma \u00fcsuluna, kompozisiya qurulu\u015funa, ornament z\u0259nginliyin\u0259 v\u0259 r\u0259ng koloritin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259n\u0259n 8 n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr: Palaz, Cecim, Lad\u0131, Kilim, \u015e\u0259dd\u0259, V\u0259rni, Zili, Sumax.
\nXal\u00e7a s\u0259n\u0259ti co\u011frafi m\u00f6vqeyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u015f\u0259rti olaraq 7 m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259 (Quba, Ab\u015feron, \u015eirvan, G\u0259nc\u0259, Qazax, Qaraba\u011f, T\u0259briz) ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n h\u0259r biri co\u011frafi m\u00f6vqeyin\u0259, nax\u0131\u015f, kompozisiya, r\u0259ng h\u0259lli v\u0259 texniki x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nir.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nAz\u0259rbaycan mu\u011fam\u0131 2003-c\u00fc ild\u0259 UNESCO t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n b\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259tin \u015fifahi v\u0259 qeyri-maddi irsinin \u015fah \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n biri elan olunub. Mu\u011fam m\u0259nal\u0131 s\u00f6z v\u0259 musiqinin v\u0259hd\u0259tind\u0259n yaranan ecazkar kompozisiya, bitkin v\u0259 kamil s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259ridir. Az\u0259rbaycanda 7 \u0259sas, 3 k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i mu\u011fam var. \u018fsas mu\u011famlar “Rast”, “\u015eur”, “Segah”, “\u00c7ahargah”, “Bayat\u0131-\u015eiraz”, “\u015e\u00fc\u015ft\u0259r” v\u0259 “Humayun”, k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i mu\u011famlar is\u0259 “\u015eahnaz”, “Sar\u0259nc” v\u0259 “2-ci n\u00f6v \u00c7ahargah”d\u0131r.
\nMu\u011famlar ifa\u00e7\u0131dan x\u00fcsusi bo\u011faz texnikas\u0131 v\u0259 geni\u015f s\u0259s diapazonu t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Mu\u011fam s\u0259n\u0259ti Az\u0259rbaycan musiqisini z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259r\u0259k, ona yeni janrlar g\u0259tirmi\u015fdir.
\n\u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259ylinin mu\u011fam-operalar\u0131, Vaqif Mustafazad\u0259nin mu\u011fam-caz\u0131, Aq\u015fin \u018flizad\u0259 v\u0259 N\u0259riman M\u0259mm\u0259dovun mu\u011fam sonatalar\u0131, Fikr\u0259t \u018fmirov, Niyazi, S\u00fcleyman \u018fl\u0259sg\u0259rov, Nazim \u018fliverdib\u0259yovun xor v\u0259 simfonik mu\u011famlar\u0131 \u015e\u0259rq v\u0259 Q\u0259rb musiqi \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda meydana g\u0259l\u0259n olduqca maraql\u0131 v\u0259 nadir eksperimentl\u0259rdir.
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda opera s\u0259n\u0259ti ke\u00e7\u0259n \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl tapma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131b.
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda opera s\u0259n\u0259tinin \u0259sas\u0131 1908-ci il yanvar\u0131n 12-d\u0259 \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259ylinin H.Z.Ta\u011f\u0131yev teatr\u0131nda s\u0259hn\u0259l\u0259\u015fdiril\u0259n v\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u015e\u0259rqinin ilk opera \u0259s\u0259ri olan “Leyli v\u0259 M\u0259cnun”u il\u0259 qoyulub.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan musiqisinin dig\u0259r qolunu is\u0259 tamamil\u0259 f\u0259rqli qurulu\u015fa v\u0259 ifa\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q v\u0259rdi\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259 sahib olan a\u015f\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Ki\u00e7ik bir tama\u015fan\u0131 xat\u0131rladan a\u015f\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti \u00e7ox\u015fax\u0259li \u015fifahi xalq yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir istiqam\u0259tidir. Orada xalq\u0131n sad\u0259 ist\u0259k v\u0259 arzular\u0131, sevgi v\u0259 q\u0259hr\u0259manl\u0131q hissl\u0259ri b\u0259dii \u0259ksini tap\u0131r. A\u015f\u0131qlar h\u0259m d\u0259 \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 s\u0259yyahlard\u0131r. Eld\u0259n-el\u0259 dola\u015fan s\u0259n\u0259tkarlar g\u00f6rd\u00fckl\u0259rini, e\u015fitdikl\u0259rini, ba\u015flar\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259n \u0259n maraql\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259ri n\u0259zm\u0259 \u00e7\u0259k\u0259r\u0259k dastanlara \u00e7eviribl\u0259r. “Abbas v\u0259 G\u00fclg\u0259z”, “A\u015f\u0131q Q\u0259rib”, “\u018fsli v\u0259 K\u0259r\u0259m”, “Tahir v\u0259 Z\u00f6hr\u0259” v\u0259 dig\u0259r dastanlar da bel\u0259 yaran\u0131b.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan b\u0259st\u0259karlar\u0131, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259yli, Qara Qarayev \u00f6z yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131q musiqisinin s\u0259xav\u0259tind\u0259n d\u00f6n\u0259-d\u00f6n\u0259 yararlan\u0131blar. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n a\u015f\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti UNESCO-nun qeyri-maddi m\u0259d\u0259ni irs \u00fczr\u0259 Reprezentativ siyah\u0131s\u0131na daxil edilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"